Examples of com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat

com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat
DateFormat is an abstract class for date/time formatting subclasses which formats and parses dates or time in a language-independent manner. The date/time formatting subclass, such as SimpleDateFormat, allows for formatting (i.e., date -> text), parsing (text -> date), and normalization. The date is represented as a Date object or as the milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT.
DateFormat provides many class methods for obtaining default date/time formatters based on the default or a given loacle and a number of formatting styles. The formatting styles include FULL, LONG, MEDIUM, and SHORT. More detail and examples of using these styles are provided in the method descriptions.
DateFormat helps you to format and parse dates for any locale. Your code can be completely independent of the locale conventions for months, days of the week, or even the calendar format: lunar vs. solar.
To format a date for the current Locale, use one of the static factory methods:
```
 myString = DateFormat.getDateInstance().format(myDate); 
```
If you are formatting multiple numbers, it is more efficient to get the format and use it multiple times so that the system doesn't have to fetch the information about the local language and country conventions multiple times.
```
 DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateInstance(); for (int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) { output.println(df.format(myDate[i]) + "; "); } 
```
To format a number for a different Locale, specify it in the call to getDateInstance().
```
 DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.LONG, Locale.FRANCE); 
```
You can use a DateFormat to parse also.
```
 myDate = df.parse(myString); 
```
Use getDateInstance to get the normal date format for that country. There are other static factory methods available. Use getTimeInstance to get the time format for that country. Use getDateTimeInstance to get a date and time format. You can pass in different options to these factory methods to control the length of the result; from SHORT to MEDIUM to LONG to FULL. The exact result depends on the locale, but generally:
- SHORT is completely numeric, such as 12.13.52 or 3:30pm
- MEDIUM is longer, such as Jan 12, 1952
- LONG is longer, such as January 12, 1952 or 3:30:32pm
- FULL is pretty completely specified, such as Tuesday, April 12, 1952 AD or 3:30:42pm PST.
You can also set the time zone on the format if you wish. If you want even more control over the format or parsing, (or want to give your users more control), you can try casting the DateFormat you get from the factory methods to a SimpleDateFormat. This will work for the majority of countries; just remember to put it in a try block in case you encounter an unusual one.
You can also use forms of the parse and format methods with ParsePosition and FieldPosition to allow you to
- progressively parse through pieces of a string.
- align any particular field, or find out where it is for selection on the screen.
Synchronization
Date formats are not synchronized. It is recommended to create separate format instances for each thread. If multiple threads access a format concurrently, it must be synchronized externally. @see UFormat @see NumberFormat @see SimpleDateFormat @see com.ibm.icu.util.Calendar @see com.ibm.icu.util.GregorianCalendar @see com.ibm.icu.util.TimeZone @author Mark Davis, Chen-Lieh Huang, Alan Liu @stable ICU 2.0


    /*
     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.hashCode()'
     */
    public final void testHashCode() {
        DateFormat df = DateFormat.getInstance();
        DateFormat eq = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT, DateFormat.SHORT);
        testEHCS(df, eq, aDF);
    }

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    /*
     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.DateFormat(DateFormat)'
     */
    public final void testDateFormat() {
        DateFormat df = new DateFormat(java.text.DateFormat.getInstance());
        assertEquals(DateFormat.getInstance(), df);
    }

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     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.setCalendar(Calendar)'
     */
    public final void testSetCalendar() {
        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        cal.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("EST"));
        DateFormat df = DateFormat.getTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT);
        df.setCalendar(cal);
        assertEquals("8:17 AM", df.format(aDate));
    }

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     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.getCalendar()'
     */
    public final void testGetCalendar() {
        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        cal.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("EST"));
        DateFormat df = DateFormat.getTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT);
        df.setCalendar(cal);
        assertEquals(cal, df.getCalendar());
    }

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     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.setNumberFormat(NumberFormat)'
     */
    public final void testSetNumberFormat() {
        // no easy way to test effect of setting the number format
        NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getInstance();
        DateFormat df = DateFormat.getTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT);
        df.setNumberFormat(nf);
        // note, can't actually USE the dateformat since it changes the calendar
        assertEquals(nf, df.getNumberFormat());
    }

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    /*
     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.setTimeZone(TimeZone)'
     */
    public final void testSetTimeZone() {
        DateFormat df = DateFormat.getTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT);
        TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone("EST");
        df.setTimeZone(tz);
        assertEquals("8:17 AM", df.format(aDate));
    }

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    /*
     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.getTimeZone()'
     */
    public final void testGetTimeZone() {
        DateFormat df = DateFormat.getTimeInstance(DateFormat.SHORT);
        TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone("EST");
        df.setTimeZone(tz);
        assertEquals(tz, df.getTimeZone());
    }

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    /*
     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.setLenient(boolean)'
     */
    public final void testSetLenient() throws Exception {
        DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.SHORT);
        df.parse("2/31/90"); // succeeds, default is lenient
        df.setLenient(false);
        try {
            df.parse("2/31/90");
            throw new Exception("strict parse should have failed");
        }
        catch (ParseException e) {
            // ok, this is what we expect
        }

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    /*
     * Test method for 'com.ibm.icu.text.DateFormat.isLenient()'
     */
    public final void testIsLenient() {
        DateFormat df = DateFormat.getInstance();
        assertTrue(df.isLenient());
        df.setLenient(false);
        assertFalse(df.isLenient());
    }

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//#endif


        TimeZone PT = TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/Los_Angeles");
        for (j = 0, exp = 0; j < COUNT; ++j) {
            //  String str;
            DateFormat df = dateFormats[j];
            df.setTimeZone(PT);
            logln(" Pattern = " + ((SimpleDateFormat) df).toPattern());
            try {
                logln("  Result = " + df.format(aug13));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                errln("FAIL: " + e);
                e.printStackTrace();
                continue;
            }


            FieldPosition pos;
            String field;


            for (i = 0; i < DateFormat.FIELD_COUNT; ++i, ++exp) {
                pos = new FieldPosition(i);
                buf.setLength(0);
                df.format(aug13, buf, pos);    
                field = buf.substring(pos.getBeginIndex(), pos.getEndIndex());
                assertEquals("pattern#" + j + " field #" + i + " " + DATEFORMAT_FIELD_NAMES[i],
                             EXPECTED[exp], field);
            }


//#if defined(FOUNDATION10) || defined(J2SE13)
//#else
            // FieldPostion initialized by DateFormat.Field trac#6089
            for(i = 0; i < DTFMT_FIELDS.length; i++) {
                // The format method only set position for the first occurrence of
                // the specified field.
                pos = new FieldPosition(DTFMT_FIELDS[i]);
                buf.setLength(0);
                df.format(aug13, buf, pos);
                field = buf.substring(pos.getBeginIndex(), pos.getEndIndex());
                assertEquals("pattern#" + j + " " + DTFMT_FIELDS[i].toString(), EXPECTED_BY_FIELD[j][i], field);
            }
//#endif
        }

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