package com.trilead.ssh2;
import java.io.CharArrayWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Vector;
import com.trilead.ssh2.auth.AuthenticationManager;
import com.trilead.ssh2.channel.ChannelManager;
import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.CryptoWishList;
import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.cipher.BlockCipherFactory;
import com.trilead.ssh2.crypto.digest.MAC;
import com.trilead.ssh2.log.Logger;
import com.trilead.ssh2.packets.PacketIgnore;
import com.trilead.ssh2.transport.ClientServerHello;
import com.trilead.ssh2.transport.KexManager;
import com.trilead.ssh2.transport.TransportManager;
import com.trilead.ssh2.util.TimeoutService;
import com.trilead.ssh2.util.TimeoutService.TimeoutToken;
/**
* A <code>Connection</code> is used to establish an encrypted TCP/IP
* connection to a SSH-2 server.
* <p>
* Typically, one
* <ol>
* <li>creates a {@link #Connection(String) Connection} object.</li>
* <li>calls the {@link #connect() connect()} method.</li>
* <li>calls some of the authentication methods (e.g.,
* {@link #authenticateWithPublicKey(String, File, String) authenticateWithPublicKey()}).</li>
* <li>calls one or several times the {@link #openSession() openSession()}
* method.</li>
* <li>finally, one must close the connection and release resources with the
* {@link #close() close()} method.</li>
* </ol>
*
* @author Christian Plattner, plattner@trilead.com
* @version $Id: Connection.java,v 1.3 2008/04/01 12:38:09 cplattne Exp $
*/
public class Connection
{
/**
* The identifier presented to the SSH-2 server.
*/
public final static String identification = "TrileadSSH2Java_213";
/**
* Will be used to generate all random data needed for the current
* connection. Note: SecureRandom.nextBytes() is thread safe.
*/
private SecureRandom generator;
/**
* Unless you know what you are doing, you will never need this.
*
* @return The list of supported cipher algorithms by this implementation.
*/
public static synchronized String[] getAvailableCiphers()
{
return BlockCipherFactory.getDefaultCipherList();
}
/**
* Unless you know what you are doing, you will never need this.
*
* @return The list of supported MAC algorthims by this implementation.
*/
public static synchronized String[] getAvailableMACs()
{
return MAC.getMacList();
}
/**
* Unless you know what you are doing, you will never need this.
*
* @return The list of supported server host key algorthims by this
* implementation.
*/
public static synchronized String[] getAvailableServerHostKeyAlgorithms()
{
return KexManager.getDefaultServerHostkeyAlgorithmList();
}
private AuthenticationManager am;
private boolean authenticated = false;
private ChannelManager cm;
private CryptoWishList cryptoWishList = new CryptoWishList();
private DHGexParameters dhgexpara = new DHGexParameters();
private final String hostname;
private final int port;
private TransportManager tm;
private boolean tcpNoDelay = false;
private ProxyData proxyData = null;
private Vector connectionMonitors = new Vector();
/**
* Prepares a fresh <code>Connection</code> object which can then be used
* to establish a connection to the specified SSH-2 server.
* <p>
* Same as {@link #Connection(String, int) Connection(hostname, 22)}.
*
* @param hostname
* the hostname of the SSH-2 server.
*/
public Connection(String hostname)
{
this(hostname, 22);
}
/**
* Prepares a fresh <code>Connection</code> object which can then be used
* to establish a connection to the specified SSH-2 server.
*
* @param hostname
* the host where we later want to connect to.
* @param port
* port on the server, normally 22.
*/
public Connection(String hostname, int port)
{
this.hostname = hostname;
this.port = port;
}
/**
* After a successful connect, one has to authenticate oneself. This method
* is based on DSA (it uses DSA to sign a challenge sent by the server).
* <p>
* If the authentication phase is complete, <code>true</code> will be
* returned. If the server does not accept the request (or if further
* authentication steps are needed), <code>false</code> is returned and
* one can retry either by using this or any other authentication method
* (use the <code>getRemainingAuthMethods</code> method to get a list of
* the remaining possible methods).
*
* @param user
* A <code>String</code> holding the username.
* @param pem
* A <code>String</code> containing the DSA private key of the
* user in OpenSSH key format (PEM, you can't miss the
* "-----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----" tag). The string may contain
* linefeeds.
* @param password
* If the PEM string is 3DES encrypted ("DES-EDE3-CBC"), then you
* must specify the password. Otherwise, this argument will be
* ignored and can be set to <code>null</code>.
*
* @return whether the connection is now authenticated.
* @throws IOException
*
* @deprecated You should use one of the
* {@link #authenticateWithPublicKey(String, File, String) authenticateWithPublicKey()}
* methods, this method is just a wrapper for it and will
* disappear in future builds.
*
*/
public synchronized boolean authenticateWithDSA(String user, String pem, String password) throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is not established!");
if (authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is already authenticated!");
if (am == null)
am = new AuthenticationManager(tm);
if (cm == null)
cm = new ChannelManager(tm);
if (user == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("user argument is null");
if (pem == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("pem argument is null");
authenticated = am.authenticatePublicKey(user, pem.toCharArray(), password, getOrCreateSecureRND());
return authenticated;
}
/**
* A wrapper that calls
* {@link #authenticateWithKeyboardInteractive(String, String[], InteractiveCallback)
* authenticateWithKeyboardInteractivewith} a <code>null</code> submethod
* list.
*
* @param user
* A <code>String</code> holding the username.
* @param cb
* An <code>InteractiveCallback</code> which will be used to
* determine the responses to the questions asked by the server.
* @return whether the connection is now authenticated.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized boolean authenticateWithKeyboardInteractive(String user, InteractiveCallback cb)
throws IOException
{
return authenticateWithKeyboardInteractive(user, null, cb);
}
/**
* After a successful connect, one has to authenticate oneself. This method
* is based on "keyboard-interactive", specified in
* draft-ietf-secsh-auth-kbdinteract-XX. Basically, you have to define a
* callback object which will be feeded with challenges generated by the
* server. Answers are then sent back to the server. It is possible that the
* callback will be called several times during the invocation of this
* method (e.g., if the server replies to the callback's answer(s) with
* another challenge...)
* <p>
* If the authentication phase is complete, <code>true</code> will be
* returned. If the server does not accept the request (or if further
* authentication steps are needed), <code>false</code> is returned and
* one can retry either by using this or any other authentication method
* (use the <code>getRemainingAuthMethods</code> method to get a list of
* the remaining possible methods).
* <p>
* Note: some SSH servers advertise "keyboard-interactive", however, any
* interactive request will be denied (without having sent any challenge to
* the client).
*
* @param user
* A <code>String</code> holding the username.
* @param submethods
* An array of submethod names, see
* draft-ietf-secsh-auth-kbdinteract-XX. May be <code>null</code>
* to indicate an empty list.
* @param cb
* An <code>InteractiveCallback</code> which will be used to
* determine the responses to the questions asked by the server.
*
* @return whether the connection is now authenticated.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized boolean authenticateWithKeyboardInteractive(String user, String[] submethods,
InteractiveCallback cb) throws IOException
{
if (cb == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Callback may not ne NULL!");
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is not established!");
if (authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is already authenticated!");
if (am == null)
am = new AuthenticationManager(tm);
if (cm == null)
cm = new ChannelManager(tm);
if (user == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("user argument is null");
authenticated = am.authenticateInteractive(user, submethods, cb);
return authenticated;
}
/**
* After a successful connect, one has to authenticate oneself. This method
* sends username and password to the server.
* <p>
* If the authentication phase is complete, <code>true</code> will be
* returned. If the server does not accept the request (or if further
* authentication steps are needed), <code>false</code> is returned and
* one can retry either by using this or any other authentication method
* (use the <code>getRemainingAuthMethods</code> method to get a list of
* the remaining possible methods).
* <p>
* Note: if this method fails, then please double-check that it is actually
* offered by the server (use
* {@link #getRemainingAuthMethods(String) getRemainingAuthMethods()}.
* <p>
* Often, password authentication is disabled, but users are not aware of
* it. Many servers only offer "publickey" and "keyboard-interactive".
* However, even though "keyboard-interactive" *feels* like password
* authentication (e.g., when using the putty or openssh clients) it is
* *not* the same mechanism.
*
* @param user
* @param password
* @return if the connection is now authenticated.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized boolean authenticateWithPassword(String user, String password) throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is not established!");
if (authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is already authenticated!");
if (am == null)
am = new AuthenticationManager(tm);
if (cm == null)
cm = new ChannelManager(tm);
if (user == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("user argument is null");
if (password == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("password argument is null");
authenticated = am.authenticatePassword(user, password);
return authenticated;
}
/**
* After a successful connect, one has to authenticate oneself. This method
* can be used to explicitly use the special "none" authentication method
* (where only a username has to be specified).
* <p>
* Note 1: The "none" method may always be tried by clients, however as by
* the specs, the server will not explicitly announce it. In other words,
* the "none" token will never show up in the list returned by
* {@link #getRemainingAuthMethods(String)}.
* <p>
* Note 2: no matter which one of the authenticateWithXXX() methods you
* call, the library will always issue exactly one initial "none"
* authentication request to retrieve the initially allowed list of
* authentication methods by the server. Please read RFC 4252 for the
* details.
* <p>
* If the authentication phase is complete, <code>true</code> will be
* returned. If further authentication steps are needed, <code>false</code>
* is returned and one can retry by any other authentication method (use the
* <code>getRemainingAuthMethods</code> method to get a list of the
* remaining possible methods).
*
* @param user
* @return if the connection is now authenticated.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized boolean authenticateWithNone(String user) throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is not established!");
if (authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is already authenticated!");
if (am == null)
am = new AuthenticationManager(tm);
if (cm == null)
cm = new ChannelManager(tm);
if (user == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("user argument is null");
/* Trigger the sending of the PacketUserauthRequestNone packet */
/* (if not already done) */
authenticated = am.authenticateNone(user);
return authenticated;
}
/**
* After a successful connect, one has to authenticate oneself. The
* authentication method "publickey" works by signing a challenge sent by
* the server. The signature is either DSA or RSA based - it just depends on
* the type of private key you specify, either a DSA or RSA private key in
* PEM format. And yes, this is may seem to be a little confusing, the
* method is called "publickey" in the SSH-2 protocol specification, however
* since we need to generate a signature, you actually have to supply a
* private key =).
* <p>
* The private key contained in the PEM file may also be encrypted
* ("Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED"). The library supports DES-CBC and DES-EDE3-CBC
* encryption, as well as the more exotic PEM encrpytions AES-128-CBC,
* AES-192-CBC and AES-256-CBC.
* <p>
* If the authentication phase is complete, <code>true</code> will be
* returned. If the server does not accept the request (or if further
* authentication steps are needed), <code>false</code> is returned and
* one can retry either by using this or any other authentication method
* (use the <code>getRemainingAuthMethods</code> method to get a list of
* the remaining possible methods).
* <p>
* NOTE PUTTY USERS: Event though your key file may start with
* "-----BEGIN..." it is not in the expected format. You have to convert it
* to the OpenSSH key format by using the "puttygen" tool (can be downloaded
* from the Putty website). Simply load your key and then use the
* "Conversions/Export OpenSSH key" functionality to get a proper PEM file.
*
* @param user
* A <code>String</code> holding the username.
* @param pemPrivateKey
* A <code>char[]</code> containing a DSA or RSA private key of
* the user in OpenSSH key format (PEM, you can't miss the
* "-----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----" or "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE
* KEY-----" tag). The char array may contain
* linebreaks/linefeeds.
* @param password
* If the PEM structure is encrypted ("Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED")
* then you must specify a password. Otherwise, this argument
* will be ignored and can be set to <code>null</code>.
*
* @return whether the connection is now authenticated.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized boolean authenticateWithPublicKey(String user, char[] pemPrivateKey, String password)
throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is not established!");
if (authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is already authenticated!");
if (am == null)
am = new AuthenticationManager(tm);
if (cm == null)
cm = new ChannelManager(tm);
if (user == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("user argument is null");
if (pemPrivateKey == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("pemPrivateKey argument is null");
authenticated = am.authenticatePublicKey(user, pemPrivateKey, password, getOrCreateSecureRND());
return authenticated;
}
/**
* A convenience wrapper function which reads in a private key (PEM format,
* either DSA or RSA) and then calls
* <code>authenticateWithPublicKey(String, char[], String)</code>.
* <p>
* NOTE PUTTY USERS: Event though your key file may start with
* "-----BEGIN..." it is not in the expected format. You have to convert it
* to the OpenSSH key format by using the "puttygen" tool (can be downloaded
* from the Putty website). Simply load your key and then use the
* "Conversions/Export OpenSSH key" functionality to get a proper PEM file.
*
* @param user
* A <code>String</code> holding the username.
* @param pemFile
* A <code>File</code> object pointing to a file containing a
* DSA or RSA private key of the user in OpenSSH key format (PEM,
* you can't miss the "-----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----" or
* "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----" tag).
* @param password
* If the PEM file is encrypted then you must specify the
* password. Otherwise, this argument will be ignored and can be
* set to <code>null</code>.
*
* @return whether the connection is now authenticated.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized boolean authenticateWithPublicKey(String user, File pemFile, String password)
throws IOException
{
if (pemFile == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("pemFile argument is null");
char[] buff = new char[256];
CharArrayWriter cw = new CharArrayWriter();
FileReader fr = new FileReader(pemFile);
while (true)
{
int len = fr.read(buff);
if (len < 0)
break;
cw.write(buff, 0, len);
}
fr.close();
return authenticateWithPublicKey(user, cw.toCharArray(), password);
}
/**
* Add a {@link ConnectionMonitor} to this connection. Can be invoked at any
* time, but it is best to add connection monitors before invoking
* <code>connect()</code> to avoid glitches (e.g., you add a connection
* monitor after a successful connect(), but the connection has died in the
* mean time. Then, your connection monitor won't be notified.)
* <p>
* You can add as many monitors as you like.
*
* @see ConnectionMonitor
*
* @param cmon
* An object implementing the <code>ConnectionMonitor</code>
* interface.
*/
public synchronized void addConnectionMonitor(ConnectionMonitor cmon)
{
if (cmon == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("cmon argument is null");
connectionMonitors.addElement(cmon);
if (tm != null)
tm.setConnectionMonitors(connectionMonitors);
}
/**
* Close the connection to the SSH-2 server. All assigned sessions will be
* closed, too. Can be called at any time. Don't forget to call this once
* you don't need a connection anymore - otherwise the receiver thread may
* run forever.
*/
public synchronized void close()
{
Throwable t = new Throwable("Closed due to user request.");
close(t, false);
}
private void close(Throwable t, boolean hard)
{
if (cm != null)
cm.closeAllChannels();
if (tm != null)
{
tm.close(t, hard == false);
tm = null;
}
am = null;
cm = null;
authenticated = false;
}
/**
* Same as
* {@link #connect(ServerHostKeyVerifier, int, int) connect(null, 0, 0)}.
*
* @return see comments for the
* {@link #connect(ServerHostKeyVerifier, int, int) connect(ServerHostKeyVerifier, int, int)}
* method.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized ConnectionInfo connect() throws IOException
{
return connect(null, 0, 0);
}
/**
* Same as
* {@link #connect(ServerHostKeyVerifier, int, int) connect(verifier, 0, 0)}.
*
* @return see comments for the
* {@link #connect(ServerHostKeyVerifier, int, int) connect(ServerHostKeyVerifier, int, int)}
* method.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized ConnectionInfo connect(ServerHostKeyVerifier verifier) throws IOException
{
return connect(verifier, 0, 0);
}
/**
* Connect to the SSH-2 server and, as soon as the server has presented its
* host key, use the
* {@link ServerHostKeyVerifier#verifyServerHostKey(String, int, String,
* byte[]) ServerHostKeyVerifier.verifyServerHostKey()} method of the
* <code>verifier</code> to ask for permission to proceed. If
* <code>verifier</code> is <code>null</code>, then any host key will
* be accepted - this is NOT recommended, since it makes man-in-the-middle
* attackes VERY easy (somebody could put a proxy SSH server between you and
* the real server).
* <p>
* Note: The verifier will be called before doing any crypto calculations
* (i.e., diffie-hellman). Therefore, if you don't like the presented host
* key then no CPU cycles are wasted (and the evil server has less
* information about us).
* <p>
* However, it is still possible that the server presented a fake host key:
* the server cheated (typically a sign for a man-in-the-middle attack) and
* is not able to generate a signature that matches its host key. Don't
* worry, the library will detect such a scenario later when checking the
* signature (the signature cannot be checked before having completed the
* diffie-hellman exchange).
* <p>
* Note 2: The {@link ServerHostKeyVerifier#verifyServerHostKey(String, int,
* String, byte[]) ServerHostKeyVerifier.verifyServerHostKey()} method will
* *NOT* be called from the current thread, the call is being made from a
* background thread (there is a background dispatcher thread for every
* established connection).
* <p>
* Note 3: This method will block as long as the key exchange of the
* underlying connection has not been completed (and you have not specified
* any timeouts).
* <p>
* Note 4: If you want to re-use a connection object that was successfully
* connected, then you must call the {@link #close()} method before invoking
* <code>connect()</code> again.
*
* @param verifier
* An object that implements the {@link ServerHostKeyVerifier}
* interface. Pass <code>null</code> to accept any server host
* key - NOT recommended.
*
* @param connectTimeout
* Connect the underlying TCP socket to the server with the given
* timeout value (non-negative, in milliseconds). Zero means no
* timeout. If a proxy is being used (see
* {@link #setProxyData(ProxyData)}), then this timeout is used
* for the connection establishment to the proxy.
*
* @param kexTimeout
* Timeout for complete connection establishment (non-negative,
* in milliseconds). Zero means no timeout. The timeout counts
* from the moment you invoke the connect() method and is
* cancelled as soon as the first key-exchange round has
* finished. It is possible that the timeout event will be fired
* during the invocation of the <code>verifier</code> callback,
* but it will only have an effect after the
* <code>verifier</code> returns.
*
* @return A {@link ConnectionInfo} object containing the details of the
* established connection.
*
* @throws IOException
* If any problem occurs, e.g., the server's host key is not
* accepted by the <code>verifier</code> or there is problem
* during the initial crypto setup (e.g., the signature sent by
* the server is wrong).
* <p>
* In case of a timeout (either connectTimeout or kexTimeout) a
* SocketTimeoutException is thrown.
* <p>
* An exception may also be thrown if the connection was already
* successfully connected (no matter if the connection broke in
* the mean time) and you invoke <code>connect()</code> again
* without having called {@link #close()} first.
* <p>
* If a HTTP proxy is being used and the proxy refuses the
* connection, then a {@link HTTPProxyException} may be thrown,
* which contains the details returned by the proxy. If the
* proxy is buggy and does not return a proper HTTP response,
* then a normal IOException is thrown instead.
*/
public synchronized ConnectionInfo connect(ServerHostKeyVerifier verifier, int connectTimeout, int kexTimeout)
throws IOException
{
final class TimeoutState
{
boolean isCancelled = false;
boolean timeoutSocketClosed = false;
}
if (tm != null)
throw new IOException("Connection to " + hostname + " is already in connected state!");
if (connectTimeout < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("connectTimeout must be non-negative!");
if (kexTimeout < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("kexTimeout must be non-negative!");
final TimeoutState state = new TimeoutState();
tm = new TransportManager(hostname, port);
tm.setConnectionMonitors(connectionMonitors);
/*
* Make sure that the runnable below will observe the new value of "tm"
* and "state" (the runnable will be executed in a different thread,
* which may be already running, that is why we need a memory barrier
* here). See also the comment in Channel.java if you are interested in
* the details.
*
* OKOK, this is paranoid since adding the runnable to the todo list of
* the TimeoutService will ensure that all writes have been flushed
* before the Runnable reads anything (there is a synchronized block in
* TimeoutService.addTimeoutHandler).
*/
synchronized (tm)
{
/* We could actually synchronize on anything. */
}
try
{
TimeoutToken token = null;
if (kexTimeout > 0)
{
final Runnable timeoutHandler = new Runnable()
{
public void run()
{
synchronized (state)
{
if (state.isCancelled)
return;
state.timeoutSocketClosed = true;
tm.close(new SocketTimeoutException("The connect timeout expired"), false);
}
}
};
long timeoutHorizont = System.currentTimeMillis() + kexTimeout;
token = TimeoutService.addTimeoutHandler(timeoutHorizont, timeoutHandler);
}
try
{
tm.initialize(cryptoWishList, verifier, dhgexpara, connectTimeout, getOrCreateSecureRND(), proxyData);
}
catch (SocketTimeoutException se)
{
throw (SocketTimeoutException) new SocketTimeoutException(
"The connect() operation on the socket timed out.").initCause(se);
}
tm.setTcpNoDelay(tcpNoDelay);
/* Wait until first KEX has finished */
ConnectionInfo ci = tm.getConnectionInfo(1);
/* Now try to cancel the timeout, if needed */
if (token != null)
{
TimeoutService.cancelTimeoutHandler(token);
/* Were we too late? */
synchronized (state)
{
if (state.timeoutSocketClosed)
throw new IOException("This exception will be replaced by the one below =)");
/*
* Just in case the "cancelTimeoutHandler" invocation came
* just a little bit too late but the handler did not enter
* the semaphore yet - we can still stop it.
*/
state.isCancelled = true;
}
}
return ci;
}
catch (SocketTimeoutException ste)
{
throw ste;
}
catch (IOException e1)
{
/* This will also invoke any registered connection monitors */
close(new Throwable("There was a problem during connect."), false);
synchronized (state)
{
/*
* Show a clean exception, not something like "the socket is
* closed!?!"
*/
if (state.timeoutSocketClosed)
throw new SocketTimeoutException("The kexTimeout (" + kexTimeout + " ms) expired.");
}
/* Do not wrap a HTTPProxyException */
if (e1 instanceof HTTPProxyException)
throw e1;
throw (IOException) new IOException("There was a problem while connecting to " + hostname + ":" + port)
.initCause(e1);
}
}
/**
* Creates a new {@link LocalPortForwarder}. A
* <code>LocalPortForwarder</code> forwards TCP/IP connections that arrive
* at a local port via the secure tunnel to another host (which may or may
* not be identical to the remote SSH-2 server).
* <p>
* This method must only be called after one has passed successfully the
* authentication step. There is no limit on the number of concurrent
* forwardings.
*
* @param local_port
* the local port the LocalPortForwarder shall bind to.
* @param host_to_connect
* target address (IP or hostname)
* @param port_to_connect
* target port
* @return A {@link LocalPortForwarder} object.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized LocalPortForwarder createLocalPortForwarder(int local_port, String host_to_connect,
int port_to_connect) throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot forward ports, you need to establish a connection first.");
if (!authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot forward ports, connection is not authenticated.");
return new LocalPortForwarder(cm, local_port, host_to_connect, port_to_connect);
}
/**
* Creates a new {@link LocalPortForwarder}. A
* <code>LocalPortForwarder</code> forwards TCP/IP connections that arrive
* at a local port via the secure tunnel to another host (which may or may
* not be identical to the remote SSH-2 server).
* <p>
* This method must only be called after one has passed successfully the
* authentication step. There is no limit on the number of concurrent
* forwardings.
*
* @param addr
* specifies the InetSocketAddress where the local socket shall
* be bound to.
* @param host_to_connect
* target address (IP or hostname)
* @param port_to_connect
* target port
* @return A {@link LocalPortForwarder} object.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized LocalPortForwarder createLocalPortForwarder(InetSocketAddress addr, String host_to_connect,
int port_to_connect) throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot forward ports, you need to establish a connection first.");
if (!authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot forward ports, connection is not authenticated.");
return new LocalPortForwarder(cm, addr, host_to_connect, port_to_connect);
}
/**
* Creates a new {@link LocalStreamForwarder}. A
* <code>LocalStreamForwarder</code> manages an Input/Outputstream pair
* that is being forwarded via the secure tunnel into a TCP/IP connection to
* another host (which may or may not be identical to the remote SSH-2
* server).
*
* @param host_to_connect
* @param port_to_connect
* @return A {@link LocalStreamForwarder} object.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized LocalStreamForwarder createLocalStreamForwarder(String host_to_connect, int port_to_connect)
throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot forward, you need to establish a connection first.");
if (!authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot forward, connection is not authenticated.");
return new LocalStreamForwarder(cm, host_to_connect, port_to_connect);
}
/**
* Create a very basic {@link SCPClient} that can be used to copy files
* from/to the SSH-2 server.
* <p>
* Works only after one has passed successfully the authentication step.
* There is no limit on the number of concurrent SCP clients.
* <p>
* Note: This factory method will probably disappear in the future.
*
* @return A {@link SCPClient} object.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized SCPClient createSCPClient() throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot create SCP client, you need to establish a connection first.");
if (!authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot create SCP client, connection is not authenticated.");
return new SCPClient(this);
}
/**
* Force an asynchronous key re-exchange (the call does not block). The
* latest values set for MAC, Cipher and DH group exchange parameters will
* be used. If a key exchange is currently in progress, then this method has
* the only effect that the so far specified parameters will be used for the
* next (server driven) key exchange.
* <p>
* Note: This implementation will never start a key exchange (other than the
* initial one) unless you or the SSH-2 server ask for it.
*
* @throws IOException
* In case of any failure behind the scenes.
*/
public synchronized void forceKeyExchange() throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("You need to establish a connection first.");
tm.forceKeyExchange(cryptoWishList, dhgexpara);
}
/**
* Returns the hostname that was passed to the constructor.
*
* @return the hostname
*/
public synchronized String getHostname()
{
return hostname;
}
/**
* Returns the port that was passed to the constructor.
*
* @return the TCP port
*/
public synchronized int getPort()
{
return port;
}
/**
* Returns a {@link ConnectionInfo} object containing the details of the
* connection. Can be called as soon as the connection has been established
* (successfully connected).
*
* @return A {@link ConnectionInfo} object.
* @throws IOException
* In case of any failure behind the scenes.
*/
public synchronized ConnectionInfo getConnectionInfo() throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot get details of connection, you need to establish a connection first.");
return tm.getConnectionInfo(1);
}
public synchronized ClientServerHello getVersionInfo() throws IOException {
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot get details of connection, you need to establish a connection first.");
return tm.getVersionInfo();
}
/**
* After a successful connect, one has to authenticate oneself. This method
* can be used to tell which authentication methods are supported by the
* server at a certain stage of the authentication process (for the given
* username).
* <p>
* Note 1: the username will only be used if no authentication step was done
* so far (it will be used to ask the server for a list of possible
* authentication methods by sending the initial "none" request). Otherwise,
* this method ignores the user name and returns a cached method list (which
* is based on the information contained in the last negative server
* response).
* <p>
* Note 2: the server may return method names that are not supported by this
* implementation.
* <p>
* After a successful authentication, this method must not be called
* anymore.
*
* @param user
* A <code>String</code> holding the username.
*
* @return a (possibly emtpy) array holding authentication method names.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized String[] getRemainingAuthMethods(String user) throws IOException
{
if (user == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("user argument may not be NULL!");
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is not established!");
if (authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Connection is already authenticated!");
if (am == null)
am = new AuthenticationManager(tm);
if (cm == null)
cm = new ChannelManager(tm);
return am.getRemainingMethods(user);
}
/**
* Determines if the authentication phase is complete. Can be called at any
* time.
*
* @return <code>true</code> if no further authentication steps are
* needed.
*/
public synchronized boolean isAuthenticationComplete()
{
return authenticated;
}
/**
* Returns true if there was at least one failed authentication request and
* the last failed authentication request was marked with "partial success"
* by the server. This is only needed in the rare case of SSH-2 server
* setups that cannot be satisfied with a single successful authentication
* request (i.e., multiple authentication steps are needed.)
* <p>
* If you are interested in the details, then have a look at RFC4252.
*
* @return if the there was a failed authentication step and the last one
* was marked as a "partial success".
*/
public synchronized boolean isAuthenticationPartialSuccess()
{
if (am == null)
return false;
return am.getPartialSuccess();
}
/**
* Checks if a specified authentication method is available. This method is
* actually just a wrapper for {@link #getRemainingAuthMethods(String)
* getRemainingAuthMethods()}.
*
* @param user
* A <code>String</code> holding the username.
* @param method
* An authentication method name (e.g., "publickey", "password",
* "keyboard-interactive") as specified by the SSH-2 standard.
* @return if the specified authentication method is currently available.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized boolean isAuthMethodAvailable(String user, String method) throws IOException
{
if (method == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("method argument may not be NULL!");
String methods[] = getRemainingAuthMethods(user);
for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++)
{
if (methods[i].compareTo(method) == 0)
return true;
}
return false;
}
private final SecureRandom getOrCreateSecureRND()
{
if (generator == null)
generator = new SecureRandom();
return generator;
}
/**
* Open a new {@link Session} on this connection. Works only after one has
* passed successfully the authentication step. There is no limit on the
* number of concurrent sessions.
*
* @return A {@link Session} object.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized Session openSession() throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot open session, you need to establish a connection first.");
if (!authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot open session, connection is not authenticated.");
return new Session(cm, getOrCreateSecureRND());
}
/**
* Send an SSH_MSG_IGNORE packet. This method will generate a random data
* attribute (length between 0 (invlusive) and 16 (exclusive) bytes,
* contents are random bytes).
* <p>
* This method must only be called once the connection is established.
*
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized void sendIgnorePacket() throws IOException
{
SecureRandom rnd = getOrCreateSecureRND();
byte[] data = new byte[rnd.nextInt(16)];
rnd.nextBytes(data);
sendIgnorePacket(data);
}
/**
* Send an SSH_MSG_IGNORE packet with the given data attribute.
* <p>
* This method must only be called once the connection is established.
*
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized void sendIgnorePacket(byte[] data) throws IOException
{
if (data == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("data argument must not be null.");
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot send SSH_MSG_IGNORE packet, you need to establish a connection first.");
PacketIgnore pi = new PacketIgnore();
pi.setData(data);
tm.sendMessage(pi.getPayload());
}
/**
* Removes duplicates from a String array, keeps only first occurence of
* each element. Does not destroy order of elements; can handle nulls. Uses
* a very efficient O(N^2) algorithm =)
*
* @param list
* a String array.
* @return a cleaned String array.
*/
private String[] removeDuplicates(String[] list)
{
if ((list == null) || (list.length < 2))
return list;
String[] list2 = new String[list.length];
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++)
{
boolean duplicate = false;
String element = list[i];
for (int j = 0; j < count; j++)
{
if (((element == null) && (list2[j] == null)) || ((element != null) && (element.equals(list2[j]))))
{
duplicate = true;
break;
}
}
if (duplicate)
continue;
list2[count++] = list[i];
}
if (count == list2.length)
return list2;
String[] tmp = new String[count];
System.arraycopy(list2, 0, tmp, 0, count);
return tmp;
}
/**
* Unless you know what you are doing, you will never need this.
*
* @param ciphers
*/
public synchronized void setClient2ServerCiphers(String[] ciphers)
{
if ((ciphers == null) || (ciphers.length == 0))
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
ciphers = removeDuplicates(ciphers);
BlockCipherFactory.checkCipherList(ciphers);
cryptoWishList.c2s_enc_algos = ciphers;
}
/**
* Unless you know what you are doing, you will never need this.
*
* @param macs
*/
public synchronized void setClient2ServerMACs(String[] macs)
{
if ((macs == null) || (macs.length == 0))
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
macs = removeDuplicates(macs);
MAC.checkMacList(macs);
cryptoWishList.c2s_mac_algos = macs;
}
/**
* Sets the parameters for the diffie-hellman group exchange. Unless you
* know what you are doing, you will never need this. Default values are
* defined in the {@link DHGexParameters} class.
*
* @param dgp
* {@link DHGexParameters}, non null.
*
*/
public synchronized void setDHGexParameters(DHGexParameters dgp)
{
if (dgp == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
dhgexpara = dgp;
}
/**
* Unless you know what you are doing, you will never need this.
*
* @param ciphers
*/
public synchronized void setServer2ClientCiphers(String[] ciphers)
{
if ((ciphers == null) || (ciphers.length == 0))
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
ciphers = removeDuplicates(ciphers);
BlockCipherFactory.checkCipherList(ciphers);
cryptoWishList.s2c_enc_algos = ciphers;
}
/**
* Unless you know what you are doing, you will never need this.
*
* @param macs
*/
public synchronized void setServer2ClientMACs(String[] macs)
{
if ((macs == null) || (macs.length == 0))
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
macs = removeDuplicates(macs);
MAC.checkMacList(macs);
cryptoWishList.s2c_mac_algos = macs;
}
/**
* Define the set of allowed server host key algorithms to be used for the
* following key exchange operations.
* <p>
* Unless you know what you are doing, you will never need this.
*
* @param algos
* An array of allowed server host key algorithms. SSH-2 defines
* <code>ssh-dss</code> and <code>ssh-rsa</code>. The
* entries of the array must be ordered after preference, i.e.,
* the entry at index 0 is the most preferred one. You must
* specify at least one entry.
*/
public synchronized void setServerHostKeyAlgorithms(String[] algos)
{
if ((algos == null) || (algos.length == 0))
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
algos = removeDuplicates(algos);
KexManager.checkServerHostkeyAlgorithmsList(algos);
cryptoWishList.serverHostKeyAlgorithms = algos;
}
/**
* Enable/disable TCP_NODELAY (disable/enable Nagle's algorithm) on the
* underlying socket.
* <p>
* Can be called at any time. If the connection has not yet been established
* then the passed value will be stored and set after the socket has been
* set up. The default value that will be used is <code>false</code>.
*
* @param enable
* the argument passed to the <code>Socket.setTCPNoDelay()</code>
* method.
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized void setTCPNoDelay(boolean enable) throws IOException
{
tcpNoDelay = enable;
if (tm != null)
tm.setTcpNoDelay(enable);
}
/**
* Used to tell the library that the connection shall be established through
* a proxy server. It only makes sense to call this method before calling
* the {@link #connect() connect()} method.
* <p>
* At the moment, only HTTP proxies are supported.
* <p>
* Note: This method can be called any number of times. The
* {@link #connect() connect()} method will use the value set in the last
* preceding invocation of this method.
*
* @see HTTPProxyData
*
* @param proxyData
* Connection information about the proxy. If <code>null</code>,
* then no proxy will be used (non surprisingly, this is also the
* default).
*/
public synchronized void setProxyData(ProxyData proxyData)
{
this.proxyData = proxyData;
}
/**
* Request a remote port forwarding. If successful, then forwarded
* connections will be redirected to the given target address. You can
* cancle a requested remote port forwarding by calling
* {@link #cancelRemotePortForwarding(int) cancelRemotePortForwarding()}.
* <p>
* A call of this method will block until the peer either agreed or
* disagreed to your request-
* <p>
* Note 1: this method typically fails if you
* <ul>
* <li>pass a port number for which the used remote user has not enough
* permissions (i.e., port < 1024)</li>
* <li>or pass a port number that is already in use on the remote server</li>
* <li>or if remote port forwarding is disabled on the server.</li>
* </ul>
* <p>
* Note 2: (from the openssh man page): By default, the listening socket on
* the server will be bound to the loopback interface only. This may be
* overriden by specifying a bind address. Specifying a remote bind address
* will only succeed if the server's <b>GatewayPorts</b> option is enabled
* (see sshd_config(5)).
*
* @param bindAddress
* address to bind to on the server:
* <ul>
* <li>"" means that connections are to be accepted on all
* protocol families supported by the SSH implementation</li>
* <li>"0.0.0.0" means to listen on all IPv4 addresses</li>
* <li>"::" means to listen on all IPv6 addresses</li>
* <li>"localhost" means to listen on all protocol families
* supported by the SSH implementation on loopback addresses
* only, [RFC3330] and RFC3513]</li>
* <li>"127.0.0.1" and "::1" indicate listening on the loopback
* interfaces for IPv4 and IPv6 respectively</li>
* </ul>
* @param bindPort
* port number to bind on the server (must be > 0)
* @param targetAddress
* the target address (IP or hostname)
* @param targetPort
* the target port
* @throws IOException
*/
public synchronized void requestRemotePortForwarding(String bindAddress, int bindPort, String targetAddress,
int targetPort) throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("You need to establish a connection first.");
if (!authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("The connection is not authenticated.");
if ((bindAddress == null) || (targetAddress == null) || (bindPort <= 0) || (targetPort <= 0))
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
cm.requestGlobalForward(bindAddress, bindPort, targetAddress, targetPort);
}
/**
* Cancel an earlier requested remote port forwarding. Currently active
* forwardings will not be affected (e.g., disrupted). Note that further
* connection forwarding requests may be received until this method has
* returned.
*
* @param bindPort
* the allocated port number on the server
* @throws IOException
* if the remote side refuses the cancel request or another low
* level error occurs (e.g., the underlying connection is
* closed)
*/
public synchronized void cancelRemotePortForwarding(int bindPort) throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("You need to establish a connection first.");
if (!authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("The connection is not authenticated.");
cm.requestCancelGlobalForward(bindPort);
}
/**
* Provide your own instance of SecureRandom. Can be used, e.g., if you want
* to seed the used SecureRandom generator manually.
* <p>
* The SecureRandom instance is used during key exchanges, public key
* authentication, x11 cookie generation and the like.
*
* @param rnd
* a SecureRandom instance
*/
public synchronized void setSecureRandom(SecureRandom rnd)
{
if (rnd == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
this.generator = rnd;
}
/**
* Enable/disable debug logging. <b>Only do this when requested by Trilead
* support.</b>
* <p>
* For speed reasons, some static variables used to check whether debugging
* is enabled are not protected with locks. In other words, if you
* dynamicaly enable/disable debug logging, then some threads may still use
* the old setting. To be on the safe side, enable debugging before doing
* the <code>connect()</code> call.
*
* @param enable
* on/off
* @param logger
* a {@link DebugLogger DebugLogger} instance, <code>null</code>
* means logging using the simple logger which logs all messages
* to to stderr. Ignored if enabled is <code>false</code>
*/
public synchronized void enableDebugging(boolean enable, DebugLogger logger)
{
Logger.enabled = enable;
if (enable == false)
{
Logger.logger = null;
}
else
{
if (logger == null)
{
logger = new DebugLogger()
{
public void log(int level, String className, String message)
{
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.err.println(now + " : " + className + ": " + message);
}
};
}
}
}
/**
* This method can be used to perform end-to-end connection testing. It
* sends a 'ping' message to the server and waits for the 'pong' from the
* server.
* <p>
* When this method throws an exception, then you can assume that the
* connection should be abandoned.
* <p>
* Note: Works only after one has passed successfully the authentication
* step.
* <p>
* Implementation details: this method sends a SSH_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST
* request ('trilead-ping') to the server and waits for the
* SSH_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE reply packet from the server.
*
* @throws IOException
* in case of any problem
*/
public synchronized void ping() throws IOException
{
if (tm == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("You need to establish a connection first.");
if (!authenticated)
throw new IllegalStateException("The connection is not authenticated.");
cm.requestGlobalTrileadPing();
}
}