Package org.jamwiki.servlets

Source Code of org.jamwiki.servlets.ServletUtil

/**
* Licensed under the GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE, version 2.1, dated February 1999.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the latest version of the GNU Lesser General
* Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation;
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
* GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with this program (LICENSE.txt); if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
*/
package org.jamwiki.servlets;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.commons.lang.ClassUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.LocaleUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.jamwiki.DataAccessException;
import org.jamwiki.Environment;
import org.jamwiki.WikiBase;
import org.jamwiki.WikiException;
import org.jamwiki.WikiMessage;
import org.jamwiki.authentication.JAMWikiAuthenticationConstants;
import org.jamwiki.authentication.RoleImpl;
import org.jamwiki.authentication.WikiUserDetails;
import org.jamwiki.model.Category;
import org.jamwiki.model.Topic;
import org.jamwiki.model.VirtualWiki;
import org.jamwiki.model.Watchlist;
import org.jamwiki.model.WikiUser;
import org.jamwiki.parser.ParserException;
import org.jamwiki.parser.ParserInput;
import org.jamwiki.parser.ParserOutput;
import org.jamwiki.parser.ParserUtil;
import org.jamwiki.utils.LinkUtil;
import org.jamwiki.utils.NamespaceHandler;
import org.jamwiki.utils.Pagination;
import org.jamwiki.utils.Utilities;
import org.jamwiki.utils.WikiLink;
import org.jamwiki.utils.WikiLogger;
import org.jamwiki.utils.WikiUtil;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
* Utility methods useful when processing JAMWiki servlet requests.
*/
public class ServletUtil {

  private static final WikiLogger logger = WikiLogger.getLogger(ServletUtil.class.getName());
  /** The name of the JSP file used to render the servlet output for logins. */
  protected static final String JSP_LOGIN = "login.jsp";
  /** The name of the output parameter used to store page information. */
  public static final String PARAMETER_PAGE_INFO = "pageInfo";
  /** The name of the output parameter used to store topic information. */
  public static final String PARAMETER_TOPIC_OBJECT = "topicObject";
  /**
   * The name of the output parameter used to indicate that Spring should
   * redirect to another servlet.
   */
  protected static final String SPRING_REDIRECT_PREFIX = "redirect:";

  /**
   *
   */
  private ServletUtil() {
  }

  /**
   * Retrieve the content of a topic from the cache, or if it is not yet in the
   * cache then add it to the cache.
   *
   * @param context
   *          The servlet context for the topic being retrieved. May be
   *          <code>null</code> if the <code>cook</code> parameter is set to
   *          <code>false</code>.
   * @param locale
   *          The locale for the topic being retrieved. May be <code>null</code>
   *          if the <code>cook</code> parameter is set to <code>false</code>.
   * @param virtualWiki
   *          The virtual wiki for the topic being retrieved.
   * @param topicName
   *          The name of the topic being retrieved.
   * @param cook
   *          A parameter indicating whether or not the content should be parsed
   *          before it is added to the cache. Stylesheet content (CSS) is not
   *          parsed, but most other content is parsed.
   * @return The parsed or unparsed (depending on the <code>cook</code>
   *         parameter) topic content.
   */
  protected static String cachedContent(String context, Locale locale, String virtualWiki, String topicName, boolean cook) {
    // return PageService.getHTMLContent(topicName);
    String content = null;
    // String key = WikiCache.key(virtualWiki, topicName);
    // Element cacheElement = WikiCache.retrieveFromCache(
    // WikiBase.CACHE_PARSED_TOPIC_CONTENT, key);
    // if (cacheElement != null) {
    // content = (String) cacheElement.getObjectValue();
    // return (content == null) ? null : content;
    // }
    try {
      Topic topic = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupTopic(virtualWiki, topicName, false, null);
      if (topic == null) {
        return "";
      }
      content = topic.getTopicContent();
      if (cook) {
        ParserInput parserInput = new ParserInput();
        parserInput.setContext(context);
        parserInput.setLocale(locale);
        parserInput.setVirtualWiki(virtualWiki);
        parserInput.setTopicName(topicName);
        content = ParserUtil.parse(parserInput, null, content);
      }
      // WikiCache.addToCache(WikiBase.CACHE_PARSED_TOPIC_CONTENT, key,
      // content);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      logger.warning("error getting cached page " + virtualWiki + " / " + topicName, e);
      return null;
    }
    return content;
  }

  /**
   * This is a utility method that will check topic content for spam, and return
   * <code>null</code> if no matching values are found, or if a spam pattern is
   * found then that pattern will be returned. It will also log information
   * about the offending spam and user to the logs.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The current servlet request.
   * @param topicName
   *          The name of the current topic being edited.
   * @param contents
   *          The text for the current topic that the user is trying to add.
   * @return <code>null</code> if nothing in the topic content matches a current
   *         spam pattern, or the text that matches a spam pattern if one is
   *         found.
   */
  // protected static String checkForSpam(HttpServletRequest request,
  // String topicName, String contents) throws DataAccessException {
  // String result = SpamFilter.containsSpam(contents);
  // if (StringUtils.isBlank(result)) {
  // return null;
  // }
  // String message = "SPAM found in topic " + topicName + " (";
  // WikiUserDetails user = ServletUtil.currentUserDetails();
  // if (!user.hasRole(RoleImpl.ROLE_ANONYMOUS)) {
  // message += user.getUsername() + " / ";
  // }
  // message += ServletUtil.getIpAddress(request) + "): " + result;
  // logger.info(message);
  // return result;
  // }

  /**
   * Retrieve the current <code>WikiUserDetails</code> from Spring Security
   * <code>SecurityContextHolder</code>. If the current user is not logged-in
   * then this method will return an empty <code>WikiUserDetails</code> object.
   *
   * @return The current logged-in <code>WikiUserDetails</code>, or an empty
   *         <code>WikiUserDetails</code> if there is no user currently logged
   *         in. This method will never return <code>null</code>.
   * @throws AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException
   *           If authentication credentials are unavailable.
   */
  public static WikiUserDetails currentUserDetails() throws AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException {
    Authentication auth = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
    return WikiUserDetails.initWikiUserDetails(auth);
  }

  /**
   * Retrieve the current <code>WikiUser</code> using the
   * <code>WikiUserDetails</code> from Spring Security
   * <code>SecurityContextHolder</code>. If there is no current user (the user
   * is not logged in) then this method will return an empty WikiUser. The
   * method will never return <code>null</code>.
   *
   * @return The current logged-in <code>WikiUser</code>, or an empty WikiUser
   *         if there is no user currently logged in.
   */
  public static WikiUser currentWikiUser() throws AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException {
    WikiUserDetails userDetails = ServletUtil.currentUserDetails();
    WikiUser user = new WikiUser();
    String username = userDetails.getUsername();
    if (username.equals(WikiUserDetails.ANONYMOUS_USER_USERNAME)) {
      return user;
    }
    if (!WikiUtil.isFirstUse() && !WikiUtil.isUpgrade()) {
      try {
        // FIXME - do not lookup the user every time this method is called, that
        // will kill performance
        user = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupWikiUser(username);
      } catch (DataAccessException e) {
        logger.severe("Failure while retrieving user from database with login: " + username, e);
        return user;
      }
      if (user == null) {
        // invalid user. someone has either spoofed a cookie or the user account
        // is no longer in
        // the database.
        logger.warning("No user exists for principal found in security context authentication: " + username);
        SecurityContextHolder.clearContext();
        throw new AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException("Invalid user credentials found - username " + username
            + " does not exist in this wiki installation");
      }
    }
    return user;
  }

  /**
   * Retrieve the current logged-in user's watchlist from the session. If there
   * is no watchlist return an empty watchlist.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The servlet request object.
   * @param virtualWiki
   *          The virtual wiki for the watchlist being parsed.
   * @return The current logged-in user's watchlist, or an empty watchlist if
   *         there is no watchlist in the session.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs during processing.
   */
  public static Watchlist currentWatchlist(HttpServletRequest request, String virtualWiki) throws WikiException {
    // try to get watchlist stored in session
    if (request.getSession(false) != null) {
      Watchlist watchlist = (Watchlist) request.getSession(false).getAttribute(WikiUtil.PARAMETER_WATCHLIST);
      if (watchlist != null) {
        return watchlist;
      }
    }
    // no watchlist in session, retrieve from database
    WikiUserDetails userDetails = ServletUtil.currentUserDetails();
    Watchlist watchlist = new Watchlist();
    if (userDetails.hasRole(RoleImpl.ROLE_ANONYMOUS)) {
      return watchlist;
    }
    WikiUser user = ServletUtil.currentWikiUser();
    try {
      watchlist = WikiBase.getDataHandler().getWatchlist(virtualWiki, user.getUserId());
    } catch (DataAccessException e) {
      throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()), e);
    }
    if (request.getSession(false) != null) {
      // add watchlist to session
      request.getSession(false).setAttribute(WikiUtil.PARAMETER_WATCHLIST, watchlist);
    }
    return watchlist;
  }

  /**
   * Duplicate the functionality of the request.getRemoteAddr() method, but for
   * IPv6 addresses strip off any local interface information (anything
   * following a "%").
   *
   * @param request
   *          the HTTP request object.
   * @return The IP address that the request originated from, or 0.0.0.0 if the
   *         originating address cannot be determined.
   */
  public static String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
    if (request == null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Request object cannot be null");
    }
    String ipAddress = request.getRemoteAddr();
    int pos = ipAddress.indexOf('%');
    if (pos != -1) {
      ipAddress = ipAddress.substring(0, pos);
    }
    if (!Utilities.isIpAddress(ipAddress)) {
      logger.info("Invalid IP address found in request: " + ipAddress);
      ipAddress = "0.0.0.0";
    }
    return ipAddress;
  }

  /**
   * Initialize topic values for a Topic object. This method will check to see
   * if a topic with the specified name exists, and if it does exist then that
   * topic will be returned. Otherwise a new topic will be initialized, setting
   * initial parameters such as topic name, virtual wiki, and topic type.
   *
   * @param virtualWiki
   *          The virtual wiki name for the topic being initialized.
   * @param topicName
   *          The name of the topic being initialized.
   * @return A new topic object with basic fields initialized, or if a topic
   *         with the given name already exists then the pre-existing topic is
   *         returned.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs while retrieving or initializing the
   *           topic object.
   */
  protected static Topic initializeTopic(String virtualWiki, String topicName) throws WikiException {
    // WikiUtil.validateTopicName(topicName);
    Topic topic = null;
    // try {
    topic = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupTopic(virtualWiki, topicName, false, null);
    // } catch (DataAccessException e) {
    // throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()),
    // e);
    // }
    if (topic != null) {
      return topic;
    }
    topic = new Topic();
    topic.setName(topicName);
    // topic.setVirtualWiki(virtualWiki);
    WikiLink wikiLink = LinkUtil.parseWikiLink(topicName);
    String namespace = wikiLink.getNamespace();
    topic.setTopicType(WikiUtil.findTopicTypeForNamespace(namespace));
    return topic;
  }

  /**
   * Examine the request object, and see if the requested topic or page matches
   * a given value.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The servlet request object.
   * @param value
   *          The value to match against the current topic or page name.
   * @return <code>true</code> if the value matches the current topic or page
   *         name, <code>false</code> otherwise.
   */
  protected static boolean isTopic(HttpServletRequest request, String value) {
    String topic = WikiUtil.getTopicFromURI(request);
    if (StringUtils.isBlank(topic)) {
      return false;
    }
    if (value != null && topic.equals(value)) {
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  /**
   * Utility method for adding categories associated with the current topic to
   * the ModelAndView object. This method adds a hashmap of category names and
   * sort keys to the session that can then be retrieved for display during
   * rendering.
   *
   * @param next
   *          The current ModelAndView object used to return rendering
   *          information.
   * @param virtualWiki
   *          The virtual wiki name for the topic being rendered.
   * @param topicName
   *          The name of the topic that is being rendered.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs during processing.
   */
  protected static void loadCategoryContent(ModelAndView next, String virtualWiki, String topicName) throws WikiException {
    String categoryName = topicName.substring(NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_CATEGORY.length()
        + NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_SEPARATOR.length());
    next.addObject("categoryName", categoryName);
    List<Category> categoryTopics = null;
    try {
      categoryTopics = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupCategoryTopics(virtualWiki, topicName);
    } catch (DataAccessException e) {
      throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()), e);
    }
    List<Category> categoryImages = new ArrayList<Category>();
    LinkedHashMap<String, String> subCategories = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
    int i = 0;
    // loop through the results and split out images and sub-categories
    while (i < categoryTopics.size()) {
      Category category = categoryTopics.get(i);
      if (category.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_IMAGE) {
        categoryTopics.remove(i);
        categoryImages.add(category);
        continue;
      }
      if (category.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_CATEGORY) {
        categoryTopics.remove(i);
        String value = category.getChildTopicName().substring(
            NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_CATEGORY.length() + NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_SEPARATOR.length());
        subCategories.put(category.getChildTopicName(), value);
        continue;
      }
      i++;
    }
    next.addObject("categoryTopics", categoryTopics);
    next.addObject("numCategoryTopics", categoryTopics.size());
    next.addObject("categoryImages", categoryImages);
    next.addObject("numCategoryImages", categoryImages.size());
    next.addObject("subCategories", subCategories);
    next.addObject("numSubCategories", subCategories.size());
  }

  /**
   * Create a Pagination object and load all necessary values into the request
   * for processing by a JSP.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The servlet request object.
   * @param next
   *          A ModelAndView object corresponding to the page being constructed.
   * @return A Pagination object constructed from parameters found in the
   *         request object.
   */
  public static Pagination loadPagination(HttpServletRequest request, ModelAndView next) {
    if (next == null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("A non-null ModelAndView object must be specified when loading pagination values");
    }
    Pagination pagination = WikiUtil.buildPagination(request);
    next.addObject("num", pagination.getNumResults());
    next.addObject("offset", pagination.getOffset());
    return pagination;
  }

  /**
   * Determine if a user has permission to edit a topic.
   *
   * @param virtualWiki
   *          The virtual wiki name for the topic in question.
   * @param topicName
   *          The name of the topic in question.
   * @param user
   *          The current Wiki user, or <code>null</code> if there is no current
   *          user.
   * @return <code>true</code> if the user is allowed to edit the topic,
   *         <code>false</code> otherwise.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs during processing.
   */
  protected static boolean isEditable(String virtualWiki, String topicName, WikiUserDetails user) throws WikiException {
    if (user == null || !user.hasRole(RoleImpl.ROLE_EDIT_EXISTING)) {
      // user does not have appropriate permissions
      return false;
    }
    Topic topic = null;
    try {
      if (!user.hasRole(RoleImpl.ROLE_EDIT_NEW)
          && WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupTopic(virtualWiki, topicName, false, null) == null) {
        // user does not have appropriate permissions
        return false;
      }
      topic = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupTopic(virtualWiki, topicName, false, null);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()), e);
    }
    if (topic == null) {
      // new topic, edit away...
      return true;
    }
    if (topic.isAdminOnly() && !user.hasRole(RoleImpl.ROLE_ADMIN)) {
      return false;
    }
    if (topic.isReadOnly()) {
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Determine if a user has permission to move a topic.
   *
   * @param virtualWiki
   *          The virtual wiki name for the topic in question.
   * @param topicName
   *          The name of the topic in question.
   * @param user
   *          The current Wiki user, or <code>null</code> if there is no current
   *          user.
   * @return <code>true</code> if the user is allowed to move the topic,
   *         <code>false</code> otherwise.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs during processing.
   */
  protected static boolean isMoveable(String virtualWiki, String topicName, WikiUserDetails user) throws WikiException {
    if (user == null || !user.hasRole(RoleImpl.ROLE_MOVE)) {
      // no permission granted to move pages
      return false;
    }
    Topic topic = null;
    // try {
    topic = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupTopic(virtualWiki, topicName, false, null);
    // } catch (DataAccessException e) {
    // throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()),
    // e);
    // }
    if (topic == null) {
      // cannot move a topic that doesn't exist
      return false;
    }
    if (topic.isReadOnly()) {
      return false;
    }
    if (topic.isAdminOnly() && !user.hasRole(RoleImpl.ROLE_ADMIN)) {
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Examine the request object, and see if the requested topic or page matches
   * a given value.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The servlet request object.
   * @param value
   *          The value to match against the current topic or page name.
   * @return <code>true</code> if the value matches the current topic or page
   *         name, <code>false</code> otherwise.
   */
  // protected static boolean isTopic(HttpServletRequest request, String value)
  // {
  // String topic = WikiUtil.getTopicFromURI(request);
  // if (StringUtils.isBlank(topic)) {
  // return false;
  // }
  // if (value != null && topic.equals(value)) {
  // return true;
  // }
  // return false;
  // }

  /**
   * Utility method for adding categories associated with the current topic to
   * the ModelAndView object. This method adds a hashmap of category names and
   * sort keys to the session that can then be retrieved for display during
   * rendering.
   *
   * @param next
   *          The current ModelAndView object used to return rendering
   *          information.
   * @param virtualWiki
   *          The virtual wiki name for the topic being rendered.
   * @param topicName
   *          The name of the topic that is being rendered.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs during processing.
   */
  // protected static void loadCategoryContent(ModelAndView next,
  // String virtualWiki, String topicName) throws WikiException {
  // String categoryName = topicName
  // .substring(NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_CATEGORY.length()
  // + NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_SEPARATOR.length());
  // next.addObject("categoryName", categoryName);
  // List<Category> categoryTopics = null;
  // try {
  // categoryTopics = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupCategoryTopics(
  // virtualWiki, topicName);
  // } catch (DataAccessException e) {
  // throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()),
  // e);
  // }
  // List<Category> categoryImages = new ArrayList<Category>();
  // LinkedHashMap<String, String> subCategories = new LinkedHashMap<String,
  // String>();
  // int i = 0;
  // // loop through the results and split out images and sub-categories
  // while (i < categoryTopics.size()) {
  // Category category = categoryTopics.get(i);
  // if (category.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_IMAGE) {
  // categoryTopics.remove(i);
  // categoryImages.add(category);
  // continue;
  // }
  // if (category.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_CATEGORY) {
  // categoryTopics.remove(i);
  // String value = category.getChildTopicName().substring(
  // NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_CATEGORY.length()
  // + NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_SEPARATOR.length());
  // subCategories.put(category.getChildTopicName(), value);
  // continue;
  // }
  // i++;
  // }
  // next.addObject("categoryTopics", categoryTopics);
  // next.addObject("numCategoryTopics", categoryTopics.size());
  // next.addObject("categoryImages", categoryImages);
  // next.addObject("numCategoryImages", categoryImages.size());
  // next.addObject("subCategories", subCategories);
  // next.addObject("numSubCategories", subCategories.size());
  // }

  /**
   * Create a Pagination object and load all necessary values into the request
   * for processing by a JSP.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The servlet request object.
   * @param next
   *          A ModelAndView object corresponding to the page being constructed.
   * @return A Pagination object constructed from parameters found in the
   *         request object.
   */
  // public static Pagination loadPagination(HttpServletRequest request,
  // ModelAndView next) {
  // if (next == null) {
  // throw new IllegalArgumentException(
  // "A non-null ModelAndView object must be specified when loading pagination values");
  // }
  // Pagination pagination = WikiUtil.buildPagination(request);
  // next.addObject("num", pagination.getNumResults());
  // next.addObject("offset", pagination.getOffset());
  // return pagination;
  // }

  /**
   * Utility method for parsing a multipart servlet request. This method returns
   * an iterator of FileItem objects that corresponds to the request.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The servlet request containing the multipart request.
   * @param uploadDirectory
   *          The directory into which files will be uploaded.
   * @param maxFileSize
   *          The maximum allowed file size in bytes.
   * @return Returns an iterator of FileItem objects the corresponds to the
   *         request.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any problems occur while processing the request.
   */
  // public static Iterator processMultipartRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
  // String uploadDirectory, long maxFileSize) throws WikiException {
  // // Create a factory for disk-based file items
  // DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
  // factory.setRepository(new File(uploadDirectory));
  // ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
  // upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
  // upload.setSizeMax(maxFileSize);
  // try {
  // return upload.parseRequest(request).iterator();
  // } catch (FileUploadException e) {
  // throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()),
  // e);
  // }
  // }

  /**
   * Modify the current ModelAndView object to create a Spring redirect
   * response, meaning that the view name becomes "redirect:" followed by the
   * redirection target.
   *
   * @param next
   *          The current ModelAndView object, which will be reset by this
   *          method.
   * @param virtualWiki
   *          The virtual wiki name for the page being redirected to.
   * @param destination
   *          The topic or page name that is the redirection target. An example
   *          might be "Special:Login".
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs while processing.
   */
  protected static void redirect(ModelAndView next, String virtualWiki, String destination) throws WikiException {
    String target = null;
    try {
      target = LinkUtil.buildTopicUrl(null, virtualWiki, destination, true);
    } catch (DataAccessException e) {
      throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()), e);
    }
    String view = ServletUtil.SPRING_REDIRECT_PREFIX + target;
    next.clear();
    next.setViewName(view);
  }

  /**
   * Users can specify a default locale in their preferences, so determine if
   * the current user is logged-in and has chosen a locale. If not, use the
   * default locale from the request object.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The request object for the HTTP request.
   * @return Either the user's default locale (for logged-in users) or the
   *         locale specified in the request if no default locale is available.
   */
  public static Locale retrieveUserLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
    try {
      WikiUser user = ServletUtil.currentWikiUser();
      if (user.getDefaultLocale() != null) {
        return LocaleUtils.toLocale(user.getDefaultLocale());
      }
    } catch (AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException e) {
      // ignore
    }
    return request.getLocale();
  }

  /**
   * Given a virtual wiki name, return a <code>VirtualWiki</code> object. If
   * there is no virtual wiki available with the given name then the default
   * virtual wiki is returned.
   *
   * @param virtualWikiName
   *          The name of the virtual wiki that is being retrieved.
   * @return A <code>VirtualWiki</code> object. If there is no virtual wiki
   *         available with the given name then the default virtual wiki is
   *         returned.
   */
  public static VirtualWiki retrieveVirtualWiki(String virtualWikiName) {
    VirtualWiki virtualWiki = null;
    if (virtualWikiName == null) {
      virtualWikiName = WikiBase.DEFAULT_VWIKI;
    }
    // FIXME - the check here for initialized properties is due to this
    // change being made late in a release cycle. Revisit in a future
    // release & clean this up.
    if (Environment.getBooleanValue(Environment.PROP_BASE_INITIALIZED)) {
      try {
        virtualWiki = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupVirtualWiki(virtualWikiName);
      } catch (DataAccessException e) {
      }
    }
    if (virtualWiki == null) {
      logger.severe("No virtual wiki found for " + virtualWikiName);
      virtualWiki = new VirtualWiki(WikiBase.DEFAULT_VWIKI, Environment.getValue(Environment.PROP_BASE_DEFAULT_TOPIC));
    }
    return virtualWiki;
  }

  /**
   * Validate that vital system properties, such as database connection
   * settings, have been specified properly.
   *
   * @param props
   *          The property object to validate against.
   * @return A list of WikiMessage objects containing any errors encountered, or
   *         an empty list if no errors are encountered.
   */
  protected static List<WikiMessage> validateSystemSettings(Properties props) {
    List<WikiMessage> errors = new ArrayList<WikiMessage>();
    // test directory permissions & existence
    // WikiMessage baseDirError = WikiUtil.validateDirectory(props
    // .getProperty(Environment.PROP_BASE_FILE_DIR));
    // if (baseDirError != null) {
    // errors.add(baseDirError);
    // }
    // WikiMessage fullDirError = WikiUtil.validateDirectory(props
    // .getProperty(Environment.PROP_FILE_DIR_FULL_PATH));
    // if (fullDirError != null) {
    // errors.add(fullDirError);
    // }
    // String classesDir = null;
    // try {
    // classesDir = Utilities.getClassLoaderRoot().getPath();
    // WikiMessage classesDirError = WikiUtil.validateDirectory(classesDir);
    // if (classesDirError != null) {
    // errors.add(classesDirError);
    // }
    // } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
    // errors.add(new WikiMessage("error.directorywrite", classesDir, e
    // .getMessage()));
    // }

    // test database
    // String driver = props.getProperty(Environment.PROP_DB_DRIVER);
    // String url = props.getProperty(Environment.PROP_DB_URL);
    // String userName = props.getProperty(Environment.PROP_DB_USERNAME);
    // String password = Encryption.getEncryptedProperty(
    // Environment.PROP_DB_PASSWORD, props);
    // try {
    // DatabaseConnection.testDatabase(driver, url, userName, password, false);
    // } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
    // logger.severe("Invalid database settings", e);
    // errors.add(new WikiMessage("error.databaseconnection", e.getMessage()));
    // } catch (SQLException e) {
    // logger.severe("Invalid database settings", e);
    // errors.add(new WikiMessage("error.databaseconnection", e.getMessage()));
    // }

    // verify valid parser class
    String parserClass = props.getProperty(Environment.PROP_PARSER_CLASS);
    String abstractParserClass = "org.jamwiki.parser.AbstractParser";
    boolean validParser = (parserClass != null && !parserClass.equals(abstractParserClass));
    if (validParser) {
      try {
        Class parent = ClassUtils.getClass(parserClass);
        Class child = ClassUtils.getClass(abstractParserClass);
        if (!child.isAssignableFrom(parent)) {
          validParser = false;
        }
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        validParser = false;
      }
    }
    if (!validParser) {
      errors.add(new WikiMessage("error.parserclass", parserClass));
    }
    return errors;
  }

  /**
   * Utility method used when redirecting to a login page.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The servlet request object.
   * @param pageInfo
   *          The current WikiPageInfo object, which contains information needed
   *          for rendering the final JSP page.
   * @param topic
   *          The topic to be redirected to. Valid examples are "Special:Admin",
   *          "StartingPoints", etc.
   * @param messageObject
   *          A WikiMessage object to be displayed on the login page.
   * @return Returns a ModelAndView object corresponding to the login page
   *         display.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs during processing.
   */
  protected static ModelAndView viewLogin(HttpServletRequest request, WikiPageInfo pageInfo, String topic, WikiMessage messageObject)
      throws WikiException {
    ModelAndView next = new ModelAndView("wiki");
    pageInfo.reset();
    String virtualWikiName = pageInfo.getVirtualWikiName();
    String target = request.getParameter(JAMWikiAuthenticationConstants.SPRING_SECURITY_LOGIN_TARGET_URL_FIELD_NAME);
    if (StringUtils.isBlank(target)) {
      if (StringUtils.isBlank(topic)) {
        VirtualWiki virtualWiki = null;
        try {
          virtualWiki = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupVirtualWiki(virtualWikiName);
        } catch (DataAccessException e) {
          throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()), e);
        }
        topic = virtualWiki.getDefaultTopicName();
      }
      target = "/" + virtualWikiName + "/" + topic;
      if (!StringUtils.isBlank(request.getQueryString())) {
        target += "?" + request.getQueryString();
      }
    }
    next.addObject("springSecurityTargetUrlField", JAMWikiAuthenticationConstants.SPRING_SECURITY_LOGIN_TARGET_URL_FIELD_NAME);
    HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
    if (request.getRequestURL().indexOf(request.getRequestURI()) != -1
        && (session == null || session.getAttribute(JAMWikiAuthenticationConstants.SPRING_SECURITY_SAVED_REQUEST_SESSION_KEY) == null)) {
      // Only add a target URL if Spring Security has not saved a request in the
      // session. The request
      // URL vs URI check is needed due to the fact that the first time a user
      // is redirected by Spring
      // Security to the login page the saved request attribute is not yet
      // available in the session
      // due to weirdness and magic which I've thus far been unable to track
      // down, so comparing the URI
      // to the URL provides a way of determining if the user was redirected.
      // Anyone who can create
      // a check that reliably captures whether or not Spring Security has a
      // saved request should
      // feel free to modify the conditional above.
      next.addObject("springSecurityTargetUrl", target);
    }
    String springSecurityLoginUrl = "/" + virtualWikiName + JAMWikiAuthenticationConstants.SPRING_SECURITY_LOGIN_URL;
    next.addObject("springSecurityLoginUrl", springSecurityLoginUrl);
    next.addObject("springSecurityUsernameField", JAMWikiAuthenticationConstants.SPRING_SECURITY_LOGIN_USERNAME_FIELD_NAME);
    next.addObject("springSecurityPasswordField", JAMWikiAuthenticationConstants.SPRING_SECURITY_LOGIN_PASSWORD_FIELD_NAME);
    next.addObject("springSecurityRememberMeField", JAMWikiAuthenticationConstants.SPRING_SECURITY_LOGIN_REMEMBER_ME_FIELD_NAME);
    pageInfo.setPageTitle(new WikiMessage("login.title"));
    pageInfo.setContentJsp(JSP_LOGIN);
    pageInfo.setSpecial(true);
    if (messageObject != null) {
      next.addObject("messageObject", messageObject);
    }
    return next;
  }

  /**
   * Utility method used when viewing a topic.
   *
   * @param request
   *          The current servlet request object.
   * @param next
   *          The current Spring ModelAndView object.
   * @param pageInfo
   *          The current WikiPageInfo object, which contains information needed
   *          for rendering the final JSP page.
   * @param pageTitle
   *          The title of the page being rendered.
   * @param topic
   *          The Topic object for the topic being displayed.
   * @param sectionEdit
   *          Set to <code>true</code> if edit links should be displayed for
   *          each section of the topic.
   * @param allowRedirect
   *          Setting this parameter to <code>true</code> will force the
   *          redirection target to be displayed (rather than a redirect page)
   *          if the topic is a redirect.
   * @throws WikiException
   *           Thrown if any error occurs while retrieving or parsing the topic.
   */
  protected static void viewTopic(HttpServletRequest request, ModelAndView next, WikiPageInfo pageInfo, WikiMessage pageTitle,
      Topic topic, boolean sectionEdit, boolean allowRedirect) throws WikiException {
    // FIXME - what should the default be for topics that don't exist?
    if (topic == null) {
      throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("common.exception.notopic"));
    }
    // WikiUtil.validateTopicName(topic.getName());
    // if (allowRedirect
    // && topic.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_REDIRECT
    // && (request.getParameter("redirect") == null || !request.getParameter(
    // "redirect").equalsIgnoreCase("no"))) {
    // Topic child = null;
    // try {
    // child = WikiUtil.findRedirectedTopic(topic, 0);
    // } catch (DataAccessException e) {
    // throw new WikiException(
    // new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()), e);
    // }
    // if (!child.getName().equals(topic.getName())) {
    // String redirectUrl = null;
    // try {
    // redirectUrl = LinkUtil.buildTopicUrl(request.getContextPath(), topic
    // .getVirtualWiki(), topic.getName(), true);
    // } catch (DataAccessException e) {
    // throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e
    // .getMessage()), e);
    // }
    // // FIXME - hard coding
    // redirectUrl += LinkUtil.appendQueryParam("", "redirect", "no");
    // String redirectName = topic.getName();
    // pageInfo.setRedirectInfo(redirectUrl, redirectName);
    // pageTitle = new WikiMessage("topic.title", child.getName());
    // topic = child;
    // // update the page info's virtual wiki in case this redirect is to
    // // another virtual wiki
    // pageInfo.setVirtualWikiName(topic.getVirtualWiki());
    // }
    // }
    String virtualWiki = topic.getVirtualWiki();
    String topicName = topic.getName();
    // WikiUserDetails userDetails = ServletUtil.currentUserDetails();
    // if (sectionEdit
    // && !ServletUtil.isEditable(virtualWiki, topicName, userDetails)) {
    // sectionEdit = false;
    // }
    WikiUser user = ServletUtil.currentWikiUser();
    ParserInput parserInput = new ParserInput();
    parserInput.setContext(request.getContextPath());
    parserInput.setLocale(request.getLocale());
    parserInput.setWikiUser(user);
    parserInput.setTopicName(topicName);
    parserInput.setUserDisplay(ServletUtil.getIpAddress(request));
    parserInput.setVirtualWiki(virtualWiki);
    parserInput.setAllowSectionEdit(sectionEdit);
    ParserOutput parserOutput = new ParserOutput();
    String content = null;
    try {
      content = ParserUtil.parse(parserInput, parserOutput, topic.getTopicContent());
    } catch (ParserException e) {
      throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()), e);
    }
    if (parserOutput.getCategories().size() > 0) {
      LinkedHashMap<String, String> categories = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
      for (String key : parserOutput.getCategories().keySet()) {
        String value = key.substring(NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_CATEGORY.length() + NamespaceHandler.NAMESPACE_SEPARATOR.length());
        categories.put(key, value);
      }
      next.addObject("categories", categories);
    }
    topic.setHtmlContent(content);
    if (topic.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_CATEGORY) {
      loadCategoryContent(next, virtualWiki, topic.getName());
    }
    // if (topic.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_IMAGE
    // || topic.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_FILE) {
    // List<WikiFileVersion> fileVersions = null;
    // try {
    // fileVersions = WikiBase.getDataHandler().getAllWikiFileVersions(
    // virtualWiki, topicName, true);
    // } catch (DataAccessException e) {
    // throw new WikiException(
    // new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e.getMessage()), e);
    // }
    // WikiUser wikiUser;
    // for (WikiFileVersion fileVersion : fileVersions) {
    // // update version urls to include web root path
    // String url = FilenameUtils.normalize(Environment
    // .getValue(Environment.PROP_FILE_DIR_RELATIVE_PATH)
    // + "/" + fileVersion.getUrl());
    // url = FilenameUtils.separatorsToUnix(url);
    // fileVersion.setUrl(url);
    // // make sure the authorDisplay field is equal to the login for
    // // non-anonymous uploads
    // if (fileVersion.getAuthorId() != null) {
    // try {
    // wikiUser = WikiBase.getDataHandler().lookupWikiUser(
    // fileVersion.getAuthorId());
    // } catch (DataAccessException e) {
    // throw new WikiException(new WikiMessage("error.unknown", e
    // .getMessage()), e);
    // }
    // if (wikiUser != null) {
    // // wikiUser should never be null unless the data in the database is
    // // somehow corrupt
    // fileVersion.setAuthorDisplay(wikiUser.getUsername());
    // }
    // }
    // }
    // next.addObject("fileVersions", fileVersions);
    // if (topic.getTopicType() == Topic.TYPE_IMAGE) {
    // next.addObject("topicImage", true);
    // } else {
    // next.addObject("topicFile", true);
    // }
    // }
    pageInfo.setSpecial(false);
    pageInfo.setTopicName(topicName);
    next.addObject(ServletUtil.PARAMETER_TOPIC_OBJECT, topic);
    if (pageTitle != null) {
      pageInfo.setPageTitle(pageTitle);
    }
  }
}
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