Package org.springframework.oxm.xstream

Source Code of org.springframework.oxm.xstream.XStreamMarshaller

/*
* Copyright 2002-2014 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
*      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/

package org.springframework.oxm.xstream;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLEventReader;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLEventWriter;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamWriter;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.MarshallingStrategy;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.Converter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConverterLookup;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConverterMatcher;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConverterRegistry;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.DataHolder;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.SingleValueConverter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.ReflectionProvider;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.DefaultConverterLookup;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.CompositeClassLoader;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamDriver;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamReader;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamWriter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.StreamException;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.naming.NameCoder;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.CompactWriter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.DomReader;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.DomWriter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.QNameMap;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.SaxWriter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.StaxReader;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.StaxWriter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.XmlFriendlyNameCoder;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.XppDriver;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.CannotResolveClassException;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.Mapper;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanClassLoaderAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.oxm.MarshallingFailureException;
import org.springframework.oxm.UncategorizedMappingException;
import org.springframework.oxm.UnmarshallingFailureException;
import org.springframework.oxm.XmlMappingException;
import org.springframework.oxm.support.AbstractMarshaller;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.util.xml.StaxUtils;

/**
* Implementation of the {@code Marshaller} interface for XStream.
*
* <p>By default, XStream does not require any further configuration and can (un)marshal
* any class on the classpath. As such, it is <b>not recommended to use the
* {@code XStreamMarshaller} to unmarshal XML from external sources</b> (i.e. the Web),
* as this can result in <b>security vulnerabilities</b>. If you do use the
* {@code XStreamMarshaller} to unmarshal external XML, set the
* {@link #setSupportedClasses(Class[]) supportedClasses} and
* {@link #setConverters(ConverterMatcher[]) converters} properties (possibly using
* a {@link CatchAllConverter}) or override the {@link #customizeXStream(XStream)}
* method to make sure it only accepts the classes you want it to support.
*
* <p>Due to XStream's API, it is required to set the encoding used for writing to
* OutputStreams. It defaults to {@code UTF-8}.
*
* <p><b>NOTE:</b> XStream is an XML serialization library, not a data binding library.
* Therefore, it has limited namespace support. As such, it is rather unsuitable for
* usage within Web Services.
*
* <p>This marshaller requires XStream 1.4 or higher, as of Spring 4.0.
* Note that {@link XStream} construction has been reworked in 4.0, with the
* stream driver and the class loader getting passed into XStream itself now.
*
* @author Peter Meijer
* @author Arjen Poutsma
* @author Juergen Hoeller
* @since 3.0
*/
public class XStreamMarshaller extends AbstractMarshaller implements InitializingBean, BeanClassLoaderAware {

  /**
   * The default encoding used for stream access: UTF-8.
   */
  public static final String DEFAULT_ENCODING = "UTF-8";


  private ReflectionProvider reflectionProvider;

  private HierarchicalStreamDriver streamDriver;

  private HierarchicalStreamDriver defaultDriver;

  private Mapper mapper;

  private Class<?>[] mapperWrappers;

  private ConverterLookup converterLookup = new DefaultConverterLookup();

  private ConverterRegistry converterRegistry = (ConverterRegistry) this.converterLookup;

  private ConverterMatcher[] converters;

  private MarshallingStrategy marshallingStrategy;

  private Integer mode;

  private Map<String, ?> aliases;

  private Map<String, ?> aliasesByType;

  private Map<String, String> fieldAliases;

  private Class<?>[] useAttributeForTypes;

  private Map<?, ?> useAttributeFor;

  private Map<Class<?>, String> implicitCollections;

  private Map<Class<?>, String> omittedFields;

  private Class<?>[] annotatedClasses;

  private boolean autodetectAnnotations;

  private String encoding = DEFAULT_ENCODING;

  private NameCoder nameCoder = new XmlFriendlyNameCoder();

  private Class<?>[] supportedClasses;

  private ClassLoader beanClassLoader = new CompositeClassLoader();

  private XStream xstream;


  /**
   * Set a custom XStream {@link ReflectionProvider} to use.
   * @since 4.0
   */
  public void setReflectionProvider(ReflectionProvider reflectionProvider) {
    this.reflectionProvider = reflectionProvider;
  }

  /**
   * Set a XStream {@link HierarchicalStreamDriver} to be used for readers and writers.
   * <p>As of Spring 4.0, this stream driver will also be passed to the {@link XStream}
   * constructor and therefore used by streaming-related native API methods themselves.
   */
  public void setStreamDriver(HierarchicalStreamDriver streamDriver) {
    this.streamDriver = streamDriver;
    this.defaultDriver = streamDriver;
  }

  private HierarchicalStreamDriver getDefaultDriver() {
    if (this.defaultDriver == null) {
      this.defaultDriver = new XppDriver();
    }
    return this.defaultDriver;
  }

  /**
   * Set a custom XStream {@link Mapper} to use.
   * @since 4.0
   */
  public void setMapper(Mapper mapper) {
    this.mapper = mapper;
  }

  /**
   * Set one or more custom XStream {@link MapperWrapper} classes.
   * Each of those classes needs to have a constructor with a single argument
   * of type {@link Mapper} or {@link MapperWrapper}.
   * @since 4.0
   */
  public void setMapperWrappers(Class<?>... mapperWrappers) {
    this.mapperWrappers = mapperWrappers;
  }

  /**
   * Set a custom XStream {@link ConverterLookup} to use.
   * Also used as {@link ConverterRegistry} if the given reference implements it as well.
   * @since 4.0
   * @see DefaultConverterLookup
   */
  public void setConverterLookup(ConverterLookup converterLookup) {
    this.converterLookup = converterLookup;
    if (converterLookup instanceof ConverterRegistry) {
      this.converterRegistry = (ConverterRegistry) converterLookup;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Set a custom XStream {@link ConverterRegistry} to use.
   * @since 4.0
   * @see #setConverterLookup
   * @see DefaultConverterLookup
   */
  public void setConverterRegistry(ConverterRegistry converterRegistry) {
    this.converterRegistry = converterRegistry;
  }

  /**
   * Set the {@code Converters} or {@code SingleValueConverters} to be registered
   * with the {@code XStream} instance.
   * @see Converter
   * @see SingleValueConverter
   */
  public void setConverters(ConverterMatcher... converters) {
    this.converters = converters;
  }

  /**
   * Set a custom XStream {@link MarshallingStrategy} to use.
   * @since 4.0
   */
  public void setMarshallingStrategy(MarshallingStrategy marshallingStrategy) {
    this.marshallingStrategy = marshallingStrategy;
  }

  /**
   * Set the XStream mode to use.
   * @see XStream#ID_REFERENCES
   * @see XStream#NO_REFERENCES
   */
  public void setMode(int mode) {
    this.mode = mode;
  }

  /**
   * Set the alias/type map, consisting of string aliases mapped to classes.
   * <p>Keys are aliases; values are either {@code Class} instances, or String class names.
   * @see XStream#alias(String, Class)
   */
  public void setAliases(Map<String, ?> aliases) {
    this.aliases = aliases;
  }

  /**
   * Set the <em>aliases by type</em> map, consisting of string aliases mapped to classes.
   * <p>Any class that is assignable to this type will be aliased to the same name.
   * Keys are aliases; values are either {@code Class} instances, or String class names.
   * @see XStream#aliasType(String, Class)
   */
  public void setAliasesByType(Map<String, ?> aliasesByType) {
    this.aliasesByType = aliasesByType;
  }

  /**
   * Set the field alias/type map, consisting of field names.
   * @see XStream#aliasField(String, Class, String)
   */
  public void setFieldAliases(Map<String, String> fieldAliases) {
    this.fieldAliases = fieldAliases;
  }

  /**
   * Set types to use XML attributes for.
   * @see XStream#useAttributeFor(Class)
   */
  public void setUseAttributeForTypes(Class<?>... useAttributeForTypes) {
    this.useAttributeForTypes = useAttributeForTypes;
  }

  /**
   * Set the types to use XML attributes for. The given map can contain
   * either {@code &lt;String, Class&gt;} pairs, in which case
   * {@link XStream#useAttributeFor(String, Class)} is called.
   * Alternatively, the map can contain {@code &lt;Class, String&gt;}
   * or {@code &lt;Class, List&lt;String&gt;&gt;} pairs, which results
   * in {@link XStream#useAttributeFor(Class, String)} calls.
   */
  public void setUseAttributeFor(Map<?, ?> useAttributeFor) {
    this.useAttributeFor = useAttributeFor;
  }

  /**
   * Specify implicit collection fields, as a Map consisting of {@code Class} instances
   * mapped to comma separated collection field names.
   * @see XStream#addImplicitCollection(Class, String)
   */
  public void setImplicitCollections(Map<Class<?>, String> implicitCollections) {
    this.implicitCollections = implicitCollections;
  }

  /**
   * Specify omitted fields, as a Map consisting of {@code Class} instances
   * mapped to comma separated field names.
   * @see XStream#omitField(Class, String)
   */
  public void setOmittedFields(Map<Class<?>, String> omittedFields) {
    this.omittedFields = omittedFields;
  }

  /**
   * Set annotated classes for which aliases will be read from class-level annotation metadata.
   * @see XStream#processAnnotations(Class[])
   */
  public void setAnnotatedClasses(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
    this.annotatedClasses = annotatedClasses;
  }

  /**
   * Activate XStream's autodetection mode.
   * <p><b>Note</b>: Autodetection implies that the XStream instance is being configured while
   * it is processing the XML streams, and thus introduces a potential concurrency problem.
   * @see XStream#autodetectAnnotations(boolean)
   */
  public void setAutodetectAnnotations(boolean autodetectAnnotations) {
    this.autodetectAnnotations = autodetectAnnotations;
  }

  /**
   * Set the encoding to be used for stream access.
   * @see #DEFAULT_ENCODING
   */
  public void setEncoding(String encoding) {
    this.encoding = encoding;
  }

  @Override
  protected String getDefaultEncoding() {
    return this.encoding;
  }

  /**
   * Set a custom XStream {@link NameCoder} to use.
   * The default is an {@link XmlFriendlyNameCoder}.
   * @since 4.0.4
   */
  public void setNameCoder(NameCoder nameCoder) {
    this.nameCoder = nameCoder;
  }

  /**
   * Set the classes supported by this marshaller.
   * <p>If this property is empty (the default), all classes are supported.
   * @see #supports(Class)
   */
  public void setSupportedClasses(Class<?>... supportedClasses) {
    this.supportedClasses = supportedClasses;
  }

  @Override
  public void setBeanClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
    this.beanClassLoader = classLoader;
  }


  @Override
  public void afterPropertiesSet() {
    this.xstream = buildXStream();
  }

  /**
   * Build the native XStream delegate to be used by this marshaller,
   * delegating to {@link #constructXStream()}, {@link #configureXStream}
   * and {@link #customizeXStream}.
   */
  protected XStream buildXStream() {
    XStream xstream = constructXStream();
    configureXStream(xstream);
    customizeXStream(xstream);
    return xstream;
  }

  /**
   * Construct an XStream instance, either using one of the
   * standard constructors or creating a custom subclass.
   * @return the {@code XStream} instance
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
  protected XStream constructXStream() {
    // The referenced XStream constructor has been deprecated as of 1.4.5.
    // We're preserving this call for broader XStream 1.4.x compatibility.
    return new XStream(this.reflectionProvider, getDefaultDriver(),
        this.beanClassLoader, this.mapper, this.converterLookup, this.converterRegistry) {
      @Override
      protected MapperWrapper wrapMapper(MapperWrapper next) {
        MapperWrapper mapperToWrap = next;
        if (mapperWrappers != null) {
          for (Class<?> mapperWrapper : mapperWrappers) {
            Assert.isAssignable(MapperWrapper.class, mapperWrapper);
            Constructor<?> ctor;
            try {
              ctor = mapperWrapper.getConstructor(Mapper.class);
            }
            catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
              try {
                ctor = mapperWrapper.getConstructor(MapperWrapper.class);
              }
              catch (NoSuchMethodException ex2) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("No appropriate MapperWrapper constructor found: " + mapperWrapper);
              }
            }
            try {
              mapperToWrap = (MapperWrapper) ctor.newInstance(mapperToWrap);
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
              throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to construct MapperWrapper: " + mapperWrapper);
            }
          }
        }
        return mapperToWrap;
      }
    };
  }

  /**
   * Configure the XStream instance with this marshaller's bean properties.
   * @param xstream the {@code XStream} instance
   */
  protected void configureXStream(XStream xstream) {
    if (this.converters != null) {
      for (int i = 0; i < this.converters.length; i++) {
        if (this.converters[i] instanceof Converter) {
          xstream.registerConverter((Converter) this.converters[i], i);
        }
        else if (this.converters[i] instanceof SingleValueConverter) {
          xstream.registerConverter((SingleValueConverter) this.converters[i], i);
        }
        else {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid ConverterMatcher [" + this.converters[i] + "]");
        }
      }
    }

    if (this.marshallingStrategy != null) {
      xstream.setMarshallingStrategy(this.marshallingStrategy);
    }
    if (this.mode != null) {
      xstream.setMode(this.mode);
    }

    try {
      if (this.aliases != null) {
        Map<String, Class<?>> classMap = toClassMap(this.aliases);
        for (Map.Entry<String, Class<?>> entry : classMap.entrySet()) {
          xstream.alias(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
      }
      if (this.aliasesByType != null) {
        Map<String, Class<?>> classMap = toClassMap(this.aliasesByType);
        for (Map.Entry<String, Class<?>> entry : classMap.entrySet()) {
          xstream.aliasType(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
      }
      if (this.fieldAliases != null) {
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : this.fieldAliases.entrySet()) {
          String alias = entry.getValue();
          String field = entry.getKey();
          int idx = field.lastIndexOf('.');
          if (idx != -1) {
            String className = field.substring(0, idx);
            Class<?> clazz = ClassUtils.forName(className, this.beanClassLoader);
            String fieldName = field.substring(idx + 1);
            xstream.aliasField(alias, clazz, fieldName);
          }
          else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field name [" + field + "] does not contain '.'");
          }
        }
      }
    }
    catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
      throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to load specified alias class", ex);
    }

    if (this.useAttributeForTypes != null) {
      for (Class<?> type : this.useAttributeForTypes) {
        xstream.useAttributeFor(type);
      }
    }
    if (this.useAttributeFor != null) {
      for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : this.useAttributeFor.entrySet()) {
        if (entry.getKey() instanceof String) {
          if (entry.getValue() instanceof Class) {
            xstream.useAttributeFor((String) entry.getKey(), (Class<?>) entry.getValue());
          }
          else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                "'useAttributesFor' takes Map<String, Class> when using a map key of type String");
          }
        }
        else if (entry.getKey() instanceof Class) {
          Class<?> key = (Class<?>) entry.getKey();
          if (entry.getValue() instanceof String) {
            xstream.useAttributeFor(key, (String) entry.getValue());
          }
          else if (entry.getValue() instanceof List) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            List<Object> listValue = (List<Object>) entry.getValue();
            for (Object element : listValue) {
              if (element instanceof String) {
                xstream.useAttributeFor(key, (String) element);
              }
            }
          }
          else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("'useAttributesFor' property takes either Map<Class, String> " +
                "or Map<Class, List<String>> when using a map key of type Class");
          }
        }
        else {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException(
              "'useAttributesFor' property takes either a map key of type String or Class");
        }
      }
    }

    if (this.implicitCollections != null) {
      for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, String> entry : this.implicitCollections.entrySet()) {
        String[] collectionFields = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(entry.getValue());
        for (String collectionField : collectionFields) {
          xstream.addImplicitCollection(entry.getKey(), collectionField);
        }
      }
    }
    if (this.omittedFields != null) {
      for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, String> entry : this.omittedFields.entrySet()) {
        String[] fields = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(entry.getValue());
        for (String field : fields) {
          xstream.omitField(entry.getKey(), field);
        }
      }
    }

    if (this.annotatedClasses != null) {
      xstream.processAnnotations(this.annotatedClasses);
    }
    if (this.autodetectAnnotations) {
      xstream.autodetectAnnotations(true);
    }
  }

  private Map<String, Class<?>> toClassMap(Map<String, ?> map) throws ClassNotFoundException {
    Map<String, Class<?>> result = new LinkedHashMap<String, Class<?>>(map.size());
    for (Map.Entry<String, ?> entry : map.entrySet()) {
      String key = entry.getKey();
      Object value = entry.getValue();
      Class<?> type;
      if (value instanceof Class) {
        type = (Class<?>) value;
      }
      else if (value instanceof String) {
        String className = (String) value;
        type = ClassUtils.forName(className, this.beanClassLoader);
      }
      else {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown value [" + value + "] - expected String or Class");
      }
      result.put(key, type);
    }
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Template to allow for customizing the given {@link XStream}.
   * <p>The default implementation is empty.
   * @param xstream the {@code XStream} instance
   */
  protected void customizeXStream(XStream xstream) {
  }

  /**
   * Return the native XStream delegate used by this marshaller.
   * <p><b>NOTE: This method has been marked as final as of Spring 4.0.</b>
   * It can be used to access the fully configured XStream for marshalling
   * but not configuration purposes anymore.
   */
  public final XStream getXStream() {
    if (this.xstream == null) {
      this.xstream = buildXStream();
    }
    return this.xstream;
  }


  @Override
  public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
    if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(this.supportedClasses)) {
      return true;
    }
    else {
      for (Class<?> supportedClass : this.supportedClasses) {
        if (supportedClass.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {
          return true;
        }
      }
      return false;
    }
  }


  // Marshalling

  @Override
  protected void marshalDomNode(Object graph, Node node) throws XmlMappingException {
    HierarchicalStreamWriter streamWriter;
    if (node instanceof Document) {
      streamWriter = new DomWriter((Document) node, this.nameCoder);
    }
    else if (node instanceof Element) {
      streamWriter = new DomWriter((Element) node, node.getOwnerDocument(), this.nameCoder);
    }
    else {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("DOMResult contains neither Document nor Element");
    }
    doMarshal(graph, streamWriter, null);
  }

  @Override
  protected void marshalXmlEventWriter(Object graph, XMLEventWriter eventWriter) throws XmlMappingException {
    ContentHandler contentHandler = StaxUtils.createContentHandler(eventWriter);
    LexicalHandler lexicalHandler = null;
    if (contentHandler instanceof LexicalHandler) {
      lexicalHandler = (LexicalHandler) contentHandler;
    }
    marshalSaxHandlers(graph, contentHandler, lexicalHandler);
  }

  @Override
  protected void marshalXmlStreamWriter(Object graph, XMLStreamWriter streamWriter) throws XmlMappingException {
    try {
      doMarshal(graph, new StaxWriter(new QNameMap(), streamWriter, this.nameCoder), null);
    }
    catch (XMLStreamException ex) {
      throw convertXStreamException(ex, true);
    }
  }

  @Override
  protected void marshalSaxHandlers(Object graph, ContentHandler contentHandler, LexicalHandler lexicalHandler)
      throws XmlMappingException {

    SaxWriter saxWriter = new SaxWriter(this.nameCoder);
    saxWriter.setContentHandler(contentHandler);
    doMarshal(graph, saxWriter, null);
  }

  @Override
  public void marshalOutputStream(Object graph, OutputStream outputStream) throws XmlMappingException, IOException {
    marshalOutputStream(graph, outputStream, null);
  }

  public void marshalOutputStream(Object graph, OutputStream outputStream, DataHolder dataHolder)
      throws XmlMappingException, IOException {

    if (this.streamDriver != null) {
      doMarshal(graph, this.streamDriver.createWriter(outputStream), dataHolder);
    }
    else {
      marshalWriter(graph, new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, this.encoding), dataHolder);
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void marshalWriter(Object graph, Writer writer) throws XmlMappingException, IOException {
    marshalWriter(graph, writer, null);
  }

  public void marshalWriter(Object graph, Writer writer, DataHolder dataHolder)
      throws XmlMappingException, IOException {

    if (this.streamDriver != null) {
      doMarshal(graph, this.streamDriver.createWriter(writer), dataHolder);
    }
    else {
      doMarshal(graph, new CompactWriter(writer), dataHolder);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Marshals the given graph to the given XStream HierarchicalStreamWriter.
   * Converts exceptions using {@link #convertXStreamException}.
   */
  private void doMarshal(Object graph, HierarchicalStreamWriter streamWriter, DataHolder dataHolder) {
    try {
      getXStream().marshal(graph, streamWriter, dataHolder);
    }
    catch (Exception ex) {
      throw convertXStreamException(ex, true);
    }
    finally {
      try {
        streamWriter.flush();
      }
      catch (Exception ex) {
        logger.debug("Could not flush HierarchicalStreamWriter", ex);
      }
    }
  }


  // Unmarshalling

  @Override
  protected Object unmarshalStreamSource(StreamSource streamSource) throws XmlMappingException, IOException {
    if (streamSource.getInputStream() != null) {
      return unmarshalInputStream(streamSource.getInputStream());
    }
    else if (streamSource.getReader() != null) {
      return unmarshalReader(streamSource.getReader());
    }
    else {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("StreamSource contains neither InputStream nor Reader");
    }
  }

  @Override
  protected Object unmarshalDomNode(Node node) throws XmlMappingException {
    HierarchicalStreamReader streamReader;
    if (node instanceof Document) {
      streamReader = new DomReader((Document) node, this.nameCoder);
    }
    else if (node instanceof Element) {
      streamReader = new DomReader((Element) node, this.nameCoder);
    }
    else {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("DOMSource contains neither Document nor Element");
    }
        return doUnmarshal(streamReader, null);
  }

  @Override
  protected Object unmarshalXmlEventReader(XMLEventReader eventReader) throws XmlMappingException {
    try {
      XMLStreamReader streamReader = StaxUtils.createEventStreamReader(eventReader);
      return unmarshalXmlStreamReader(streamReader);
    }
    catch (XMLStreamException ex) {
      throw convertXStreamException(ex, false);
    }
  }

  @Override
  protected Object unmarshalXmlStreamReader(XMLStreamReader streamReader) throws XmlMappingException {
        return doUnmarshal(new StaxReader(new QNameMap(), streamReader, this.nameCoder), null);
  }

  @Override
  protected Object unmarshalSaxReader(XMLReader xmlReader, InputSource inputSource)
      throws XmlMappingException, IOException {

    throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
        "XStreamMarshaller does not support unmarshalling using SAX XMLReaders");
  }

  @Override
  public Object unmarshalInputStream(InputStream inputStream) throws XmlMappingException, IOException {
    return unmarshalInputStream(inputStream, null);
  }

  public Object unmarshalInputStream(InputStream inputStream, DataHolder dataHolder) throws XmlMappingException, IOException {
        if (this.streamDriver != null) {
            return doUnmarshal(this.streamDriver.createReader(inputStream), dataHolder);
        }
        else {
        return unmarshalReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, this.encoding), dataHolder);
        }
  }

  @Override
  public Object unmarshalReader(Reader reader) throws XmlMappingException, IOException {
    return unmarshalReader(reader, null);
  }

  public Object unmarshalReader(Reader reader, DataHolder dataHolder) throws XmlMappingException, IOException {
    return doUnmarshal(getDefaultDriver().createReader(reader), dataHolder);
  }

    /**
     * Unmarshals the given graph to the given XStream HierarchicalStreamWriter.
     * Converts exceptions using {@link #convertXStreamException}.
     */
    private Object doUnmarshal(HierarchicalStreamReader streamReader, DataHolder dataHolder) {
        try {
            return getXStream().unmarshal(streamReader, null, dataHolder);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            throw convertXStreamException(ex, false);
        }
    }


    /**
     * Convert the given XStream exception to an appropriate exception from the
     * {@code org.springframework.oxm} hierarchy.
     * <p>A boolean flag is used to indicate whether this exception occurs during marshalling or
     * unmarshalling, since XStream itself does not make this distinction in its exception hierarchy.
     * @param ex XStream exception that occurred
     * @param marshalling indicates whether the exception occurs during marshalling ({@code true}),
     * or unmarshalling ({@code false})
     * @return the corresponding {@code XmlMappingException}
     */
  protected XmlMappingException convertXStreamException(Exception ex, boolean marshalling) {
    if (ex instanceof StreamException || ex instanceof CannotResolveClassException ||
        ex instanceof ConversionException) {
      if (marshalling) {
        return new MarshallingFailureException("XStream marshalling exception",  ex);
      }
      else {
        return new UnmarshallingFailureException("XStream unmarshalling exception", ex);
      }
    }
    else {
      // fallback
      return new UncategorizedMappingException("Unknown XStream exception", ex);
    }
  }

}
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