Package com.google.wave.api

Source Code of com.google.wave.api.AbstractRobot

/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
*   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/

package com.google.wave.api;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.wave.api.WaveService.ConsumerData;
import com.google.wave.api.event.AnnotatedTextChangedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.BlipContributorsChangedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.BlipSubmittedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.DocumentChangedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.Event;
import com.google.wave.api.event.EventHandler;
import com.google.wave.api.event.EventType;
import com.google.wave.api.event.FormButtonClickedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.GadgetStateChangedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.OperationErrorEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletBlipCreatedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletBlipRemovedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletCreatedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletFetchedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletParticipantsChangedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletSelfAddedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletSelfRemovedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletTagsChangedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.event.WaveletTitleChangedEvent;
import com.google.wave.api.impl.EventMessageBundle;
import com.google.wave.api.impl.GsonFactory;

import net.oauth.OAuthException;

import org.waveprotocol.wave.model.id.InvalidIdException;
import org.waveprotocol.wave.model.id.WaveId;
import org.waveprotocol.wave.model.id.WaveletId;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
* A robot is an automated participant on a wave, that can read the contents
* of a wave in which it participates, modify the wave's contents, add or remove
* participants, and create new blips and new waves. In short, a robot can
* perform many of the actions that any other participant can perform.
*
* This is the abstract base class for a Google Wave Java robot, that supports:
* <ul>
*   <li>Automatic events deserialization and operations serialization,
*       in the event based model</li>
*   <li>OAuth-secured operations submission, in the active model</li>
*   <li>Callback for profile request, including proxied/custom profile</li>
*   <li>Callback for capabilities.xml support</li>
*   <li>Callback for verification token request, that is used during the robot
*       registration process, to obtain consumer key and secret</li>
* </ul>
*
* Robot should implements the handlers of the events that it's interested in,
* and specify the context and filter (if applicable) via the
* {@link EventHandler.Capability} annotation. For example, if it is interested
* in a {@link BlipSubmittedEvent}, and would like to get the parent blip with
* the incoming event bundle, then it should implement this method:
* <pre>
*   @Capability(contexts = {Context.PARENT, Context.SELF})
*   public void onBlipSubmitted(BlipSubmittedEvent e) {
*     ...
*   }
* </pre>
* If the robot does not specify the {@link EventHandler.Capability}
* annotation, the default contexts (parent and children), and empty filter will
* be provided by default.
*/
public abstract class AbstractRobot extends HttpServlet implements EventHandler {

  /** Some mime types. */
  public static final String JSON_MIME_TYPE = "application/json; charset=utf-8";
  public static final String TEXT_MIME_TYPE = "text/plain";
  public static final String XML_MIME_TYPE = "application/xml";

  /** Some constants for encoding. */
  public static final String UTF_8 = "UTF-8";

  /** The query parameter to specify custom profile request. */
  public static final String NAME_QUERY_PARAMETER_KEY = "name";

  /** The query parameter for security token. */
  public static final String SECURITY_TOKEN_PARAMETER_KEY = "st";

  /** Various request path constants that the robot replies to. */
  public static final String RPC_PATH = "/_wave/robot/jsonrpc";
  public static final String PROFILE_PATH = "/_wave/robot/profile";
  public static final String CAPABILITIES_PATH = "/_wave/capabilities.xml";
  public static final String VERIFY_TOKEN_PATH = "/_wave/verify_token";
  public static final String DEFAULT_AVATAR =
      "https://wave.google.com/a/wavesandbox.com/static/images/profiles/rusty.png";

  private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(AbstractRobot.class.getName());

  /** Serializer to serialize events and operations in the event-based mode. */
  private static final Gson SERIALIZER = new GsonFactory().create();

  /** A map of this robot's capabilities. */
  private Map<String, Capability> capabilityMap;

  /** A version number that is computed from this robot's capabilities. */
  private String version;

  /** A utility class to make Wave service calls. */
  private WaveService waveService;

  /** The token used to verify author during the registration process. */
  private String verificationToken;

  /** The token that is checked when handling verification token request. */
  private String securityToken;

  private boolean allowUnsignedRequests = true;

  /**
   * Constructor.
   */
  protected AbstractRobot() {
    initRobot();
  }
 
  /**
   * Initializes the robot. Call it if required to re-compute robot's
   * capabilities. Re-invoke {@link #setupOAuth} if needed.
   */
  protected void initRobot() {
    capabilityMap = computeCapabilityMap();
    version = computeHash();
    waveService = new WaveService(version);
  }

  /**
   * Submits the pending operations associated with this {@link Wavelet}.
   *
   * @param wavelet the bundle that contains the operations to be submitted.
   * @param rpcServerUrl the active gateway to send the operations to.
   * @return a list of {@link JsonRpcResponse} that represents the responses
   *     from the server for all operations that were submitted.
   *
   * @throws IllegalStateException if this method is called prior to setting
   *     the proper consumer key, secret, and handler URL.
   * @throws IOException if there is a problem submitting the operations.
   */
  public List<JsonRpcResponse> submit(Wavelet wavelet, String rpcServerUrl) throws IOException {
    return waveService.submit(wavelet, rpcServerUrl);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an empty/blind stub of a wavelet with the given wave id and wavelet
   * id.
   *
   * Call this method if you would like to apply wavelet-only operations
   * without fetching the wave first.
   *
   * The returned wavelet has its own {@link OperationQueue}. It is the
   * responsibility of the caller to make sure this wavelet gets submitted to
   * the server, either by calling {@link AbstractRobot#submit(Wavelet, String)}
   * or by calling {@link Wavelet#submitWith(Wavelet)} on the new wavelet, to
   * join its queue with another wavelet, for example, the event wavelet.
   *
   * @param waveId the id of the wave.
   * @param waveletId the id of the wavelet.
   * @return a stub of a wavelet.
   */
  public Wavelet blindWavelet(WaveId waveId, WaveletId waveletId) {
    return waveService.blindWavelet(waveId, waveletId);
  }

  /**
   * @see #blindWavelet(WaveId, WaveletId)
   *
   * @param proxyForId the proxying information that should be set on the
   *     operation queue.  Please note that this parameter should be properly
   *     encoded to ensure that the resulting participant id is valid
   *     (see {@link Util#checkIsValidProxyForId(String)} for more details).
   */
  public Wavelet blindWavelet(WaveId waveId, WaveletId waveletId, String proxyForId) {
    return waveService.blindWavelet(waveId, waveletId, proxyForId);
  }

  /**
   * @see #blindWavelet(WaveId, WaveletId, String)
   *
   * @param blips a collection of blips that belong to this wavelet.
   */
  public Wavelet blindWavelet(WaveId waveId, WaveletId waveletId, String proxyForId,
      Map<String, Blip> blips) {
    return waveService.blindWavelet(waveId, waveletId, proxyForId, blips);
  }

  /**
   * @see #blindWavelet(WaveId, WaveletId, String, Map)
   *
   * @param threads a collection of threads that belong to this wavelet.
   */
  public Wavelet blindWavelet(WaveId waveId, WaveletId waveletId, String proxyForId,
      Map<String, Blip> blips, Map<String, BlipThread> threads) {
    return waveService.blindWavelet(waveId, waveletId, proxyForId, blips, threads);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new wave with a list of participants on it.
   *
   * The root wavelet of the new wave is returned with its own
   * {@link OperationQueue}. It is the responsibility of the caller to make sure
   * this wavelet gets submitted to the server, either by calling
   * {@link AbstractRobot#submit(Wavelet, String)} or by calling
   * {@link Wavelet#submitWith(Wavelet)} on the new wavelet.
   *
   * @param domain the domain to create the wavelet on. In general, this should
   *     correspond to the domain of the incoming event wavelet, except when
   *     the robot is calling this method outside of an event or when the server
   *     is handling multiple domains.
   * @param participants the initial participants on the wave. The robot, as the
   *     creator of the wave, will be added by default. The order of the
   *     participants will be preserved.
   */
  public Wavelet newWave(String domain, Set<String> participants) {
    return waveService.newWave(domain, participants);
  }

  /**
   * @see #newWave(String, Set)
   *
   * @param proxyForId the proxy id that should be used to create the new wave.
   *     If specified, the creator of the wave would be
   *     robotid+<proxyForId>@appspot.com. Please note that this parameter
   *     should be properly encoded to ensure that the resulting participant id
   *     is valid (see {@link Util#checkIsValidProxyForId(String)} for more
   *     details).
   */
  public Wavelet newWave(String domain, Set<String> participants, String proxyForId) {
    return waveService.newWave(domain, participants, proxyForId);
  }

  /**
   * @see #newWave(String, Set, String)
   *
   * @param msg the message that will be passed back to the robot when
   *     WAVELET_CREATED event is fired as a result of this operation.
   */
  public Wavelet newWave(String domain, Set<String> participants, String msg, String proxyForId) {
    return waveService.newWave(domain, participants, msg, proxyForId);
  }

  /**
   * @see #newWave(String, Set, String, String)
   *
   * @param rpcServerUrl if specified, this operation will be submitted
   *     immediately to this active gateway, that will return immediately the
   *     actual wave id, the id of the root wavelet, and id of the root blip.
   *
   * @throws IOException if there is a problem submitting the operation to the
   *      server, when {@code submit} is {@code true}.
   * @throws InvalidIdException
   */
  public Wavelet newWave(String domain, Set<String> participants, String msg, String proxyForId,
      String rpcServerUrl) throws IOException, InvalidIdException {
    return waveService.newWave(domain, participants, msg, proxyForId, rpcServerUrl);
  }
 
 
  /**
   * Requests SearchResult for a query.
   *
   * @param query the query to execute.
   * @param index the index from which to return results.
   * @param numresults the number of results to return.
   * @param rpcServerUrl the active gateway.
   *
   * @throws IOException if remote server returns error.
   */
  public SearchResult search(String query, Integer index, Integer numResults, String rpcServerUrl)
      throws IOException {
    SearchResult searchResult = waveService.search(query, index, numResults, rpcServerUrl);
    return searchResult;
  }

  /**
   * Fetches a wavelet using the active API.
   *
   * The returned wavelet contains a snapshot of the state of the wavelet at
   * that point. It can be used to modify the wavelet, but the wavelet might
   * change in between, so treat carefully.
   *
   * Also, the returned wavelet has its own {@link OperationQueue}. It is the
   * responsibility of the caller to make sure this wavelet gets submitted to
   * the server, either by calling {@link AbstractRobot#submit(Wavelet, String)}
   * or by calling {@link Wavelet#submitWith(Wavelet)} on the new wavelet.
   *
   * @param waveId the id of the wave to fetch.
   * @param waveletId the id of the wavelet to fetch.
   * @param rpcServerUrl the active gateway that is used to fetch the wavelet.
   *
   * @throws IOException if there is a problem fetching the wavelet.
   */
  public Wavelet fetchWavelet(WaveId waveId, WaveletId waveletId, String rpcServerUrl)
      throws IOException {
    return waveService.fetchWavelet(waveId, waveletId, rpcServerUrl);
  }

  /**
   * @see #fetchWavelet(WaveId, WaveletId, String)
   *
   * @param proxyForId the proxy id that should be used to fetch this wavelet.
   *     Please note that this parameter should be properly encoded to ensure
   *     that the resulting participant id is valid (see
   *     {@link Util#checkIsValidProxyForId(String)} for more details).
   */
  public Wavelet fetchWavelet(WaveId waveId, WaveletId waveletId, String proxyForId,
      String rpcServerUrl) throws IOException {
    return waveService.fetchWavelet(waveId, waveletId, proxyForId, rpcServerUrl);
  }

  @Override
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
    if (req.getRequestURI().endsWith(RPC_PATH)) {
      processRpc(req, resp);
    } else {
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
    }
  }

  @Override
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
    String path = req.getRequestURI();
    if (path.endsWith(PROFILE_PATH)) {
      processProfile(req, resp);
    } else if (path.endsWith(CAPABILITIES_PATH)) {
      processCapabilities(req, resp);
    } else if (path.endsWith(VERIFY_TOKEN_PATH)) {
      processVerifyToken(req, resp);
    } else {
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @return a custom profile based on "name" query parameter, or {@code null}
   *     if this robot doesn't support custom profile.
   */
  protected ParticipantProfile getCustomProfile(@SuppressWarnings("unused") String name) {
    return null;
  }

  /**
   * @return the URL of the robot's avatar image.
   */
  protected String getRobotAvatarUrl() {
    return DEFAULT_AVATAR;
  }

  /**
   * Sets up the verification token that is used for the owner verification
   * step during the robot registration.
   *
   * @param verificationToken the verification token.
   * @param securityToken the security token that should be matched against when
   *     serving a verification token request.
   */
  protected void setupVerificationToken(String verificationToken, String securityToken) {
    this.verificationToken = verificationToken;
    this.securityToken = securityToken;
  }

  /**
   * Sets the OAuth related properties, including the consumer key and secret
   * that are used to sign the outgoing operations in the active mode. Robot
   * developer needs to visit
   * {@link "http://wave.google.com/wave/robot/register"} to register and obtain
   * the consumer key and secret.
   *
   * Should you need to make Active API calls to both our public and sandbox
   * servers from the same robot, you can call this method multiple times, with
   * the same consumer key and secret, but different RPC server URLs.
   *
   * After calling this method, the robot no longer accepts unsigned requests,
   * but you can override that by calling
   * {@link #setAllowUnsignedRequests(boolean)}.
   *
   * @param consumerKey the consumer key.
   * @param consumerSecret the consumer secret.
   * @param rpcServerUrl the URL of the server that serves the JSON-RPC request.
   *     <ul>
   *       <li>https://www-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/api/rpc - for wave
   *           preview.<li>
   *       <li>https://www-opensocial-sandbox.googleusercontent.com/api/rpc -
   *           for wave sandbox.</li>
   *     </ul>
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any of the arguments are {@code null}.
   */
  protected void setupOAuth(String consumerKey, String consumerSecret, String rpcServerUrl) {
    waveService.setupOAuth(consumerKey, consumerSecret, rpcServerUrl);
    setAllowUnsignedRequests(false);
  }

  /**
   * Sets the OAuth related properties, including the consumer key and secret
   * that are used to sign the outgoing operations in the active mode. This
   * method sets the JSON-RPC handler URL to
   * https://www-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/api/rpc, that is associated
   * with wave preview instance.
   *
   * @param consumerKey the consumer key.
   * @param consumerSecret the consumer secret.
   */
  protected void setupOAuth(String consumerKey, String consumerSecret) {
    setupOAuth(consumerKey, consumerSecret, WaveService.RPC_URL);
  }

  /**
   * Sets whether or not unsigned incoming requests from robot proxy are
   * allowed.
   *
   * @param allowUnsignedRequests whether or not unsigned requests from robot
   *     proxy are allowed.
   */
  protected void setAllowUnsignedRequests(boolean allowUnsignedRequests) {
    if (!allowUnsignedRequests && waveService.getConsumerDataMap().isEmpty()) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Please call AbstractRobot.setupOAuth() first to " +
          "setup the consumer key and secret to validate the request.");
    }
    this.allowUnsignedRequests = allowUnsignedRequests;
  }

  /**
   * @return {@code true} if unsigned incoming requests from robot proxy are
   *     allowed.
   */
  protected boolean isUnsignedRequestsAllowed() {
    return allowUnsignedRequests;
  }

  /**
   * Processes the incoming HTTP request to obtain the verification token.
   *
   * @param req the HTTP request.
   * @param resp the HTTP response.
   */
  private void processVerifyToken(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
    if (verificationToken == null || verificationToken.isEmpty()) {
      LOG.info("Please register a verification token by calling " +
          "AbstractRobot.setVerificationToken().");
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return;
    }

    String incomingSecurityToken = req.getParameter(SECURITY_TOKEN_PARAMETER_KEY);
    if (securityToken != null && !securityToken.equals(incomingSecurityToken)) {
      LOG.info("The incoming security token " + incomingSecurityToken + " does not match the " +
          "expected security token " + securityToken + ".");
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
      return;
    }

    resp.setContentType(TEXT_MIME_TYPE);
    resp.setCharacterEncoding(UTF_8);
    try {
      resp.getWriter().write(verificationToken);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return;
    }
    resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK);
  }

  /**
   * Processes the incoming HTTP request to obtain the capabilities.xml file.
   *
   * @param req the HTTP request.
   * @param resp the HTTP response.
   */
  private void processCapabilities(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
    StringBuilder xml = new StringBuilder();
    xml.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n");
    xml.append("<w:robot xmlns:w=\"http://wave.google.com/extensions/robots/1.0\">\n");
    xml.append("  <w:version>");
    xml.append(version);
    xml.append("</w:version>\n");
    xml.append("  <w:protocolversion>");
    xml.append(WaveService.PROTOCOL_VERSION.getVersionString());
    xml.append("</w:protocolversion>\n");
    xml.append("  <w:capabilities>\n");
    for (Entry<String, Capability> entry : capabilityMap.entrySet()) {
      xml.append("    <w:capability name=\"" + entry.getKey() + "\"");
      Capability capability = entry.getValue();
      if (capability != null) {
        // Append context.
        if (capability.contexts().length != 0) {
          xml.append(" context=\"");
          boolean first = true;
          for (Context context : capability.contexts()) {
            if (first) {
              first = false;
            } else {
              xml.append(',');
            }
            xml.append(context.name());
          }
          xml.append("\"");
        }

        // Append filter.
        if (capability.filter() !=  null && !capability.filter().isEmpty()) {
          xml.append(" filter=\"");
          xml.append(capability.filter());
          xml.append("\"");
        }
      }
      xml.append("/>\n");
    }
    xml.append("  </w:capabilities>\n");
    if (!waveService.getConsumerDataMap().isEmpty()) {
      xml.append("  <w:consumer_keys>\n");
      for (ConsumerData consumerDataObj : waveService.getConsumerDataMap().values()) {
        xml.append("    <w:consumer_key for=\"" + consumerDataObj.getRpcServerUrl() + "\">"
            + consumerDataObj.getConsumerKey() + "</w:consumer_key>\n");
      }
      xml.append("  </w:consumer_keys>\n");
    }
    xml.append("</w:robot>\n");
    // Write the result into the output stream.
    resp.setContentType(XML_MIME_TYPE);
    resp.setCharacterEncoding(UTF_8);
    try {
      resp.getWriter().write(xml.toString());
    } catch (IOException e) {
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return;
    }
    resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK);
  }

  /**
   * Processes the incoming HTTP request to obtain robot's profile.
   *
   * @param req the HTTP request.
   * @param resp the HTTP response.
   */
  private void processProfile(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
    ParticipantProfile profile = null;

    // Try to get custom profile.
    String proxiedName = req.getParameter(NAME_QUERY_PARAMETER_KEY);
    if (proxiedName != null) {
      profile = getCustomProfile(proxiedName);
    }

    // Set the default profile.
    if (profile == null) {
      profile = new ParticipantProfile(getRobotName(), getRobotAvatarUrl(),
          getRobotProfilePageUrl());
    }

    // Write the result into the output stream.
    resp.setContentType(JSON_MIME_TYPE);
    resp.setCharacterEncoding(UTF_8);
    try {
      resp.getWriter().write(SERIALIZER.toJson(profile));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return;
    }
    resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK);
  }

  /**
   * Processes the incoming HTTP request that contains the event bundle.
   *
   * @param req the HTTP request.
   * @param resp the HTTP response.
   */
  private void processRpc(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
    // Deserialize and process the incoming events.
    EventMessageBundle events = null;
    try {
      events = deserializeEvents(req);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return;
    }

    // Append robot.notifyCapabilitiesHash operation before processing the
    // events.
    OperationQueue operationQueue = events.getWavelet().getOperationQueue();
    operationQueue.notifyRobotInformation(WaveService.PROTOCOL_VERSION, version);

    // Call the robot event handlers.
    processEvents(events);

    // Serialize the operations.
    serializeOperations(operationQueue.getPendingOperations(), resp);
    operationQueue.clear();
  }

  /**
   * Processes the incoming event bundle. This method iterates over the event
   * bundle and dispatch the individual event to its own handler, based on the
   * event type.
   *
   * @param events the incoming event bundle.
   */
  protected void processEvents(EventMessageBundle events) {
    for (Event event : events.getEvents()) {
      switch (event.getType()) {
        case ANNOTATED_TEXT_CHANGED:
          onAnnotatedTextChanged(AnnotatedTextChangedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case BLIP_CONTRIBUTORS_CHANGED:
          onBlipContributorsChanged(BlipContributorsChangedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case BLIP_SUBMITTED:
          onBlipSubmitted(BlipSubmittedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case DOCUMENT_CHANGED:
          onDocumentChanged(DocumentChangedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case FORM_BUTTON_CLICKED:
          onFormButtonClicked(FormButtonClickedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case GADGET_STATE_CHANGED:
          onGadgetStateChanged(GadgetStateChangedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_BLIP_CREATED:
          onWaveletBlipCreated(WaveletBlipCreatedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_BLIP_REMOVED:
          onWaveletBlipRemoved(WaveletBlipRemovedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_CREATED:
          onWaveletCreated(WaveletCreatedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_FETCHED:
          onWaveletFetched(WaveletFetchedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_PARTICIPANTS_CHANGED:
          onWaveletParticipantsChanged(WaveletParticipantsChangedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_SELF_ADDED:
          onWaveletSelfAdded(WaveletSelfAddedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_SELF_REMOVED:
          onWaveletSelfRemoved(WaveletSelfRemovedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_TAGS_CHANGED:
          onWaveletTagsChanged(WaveletTagsChangedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case WAVELET_TITLE_CHANGED:
          onWaveletTitleChanged(WaveletTitleChangedEvent.as(event));
          break;
        case OPERATION_ERROR:
          onOperationError(OperationErrorEvent.as(event));
          break;
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Computes this robot's capabilities, based on the overriden event handler
   * methods, and their {@link EventHandler.Capability} annotations.
   *
   * The result map does not use {@link EventType} enum as the key for stability
   * between JVM runs, since the same enum may have different hashcode between
   * JVM runs. This may cause two instances of the same robot that are running
   * on different JVMs (for example, when App Engine scale the robot) to have
   * different version number and capabilities ordering in
   * {@code capabilities.xml}.
   *
   * @return a map of event type string to capability.
   */
  protected Map<String, Capability> computeCapabilityMap() {
    Map<String, Capability> map = new HashMap<String, Capability>();
    for (Method baseMethod : EventHandler.class.getDeclaredMethods()) {
      Method overridenMethod = null;
      try {
        overridenMethod = this.getClass().getMethod(baseMethod.getName(),
            baseMethod.getParameterTypes());
      } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        // Robot does not override this particular event handler. Continue.
        continue;
      }

      // Skip the method, if it's declared in AbstractRobot.
      if (AbstractRobot.class.equals(overridenMethod.getDeclaringClass())) {
        continue;
      }

      // Get the event type.
      EventType eventType = EventType.fromClass(overridenMethod.getParameterTypes()[0]);

      // Get the capability annotation.
      Capability capability = overridenMethod.getAnnotation(Capability.class);

      map.put(eventType.toString(), capability);
    }
    return map;
  }

  /**
   * Computes this robot's hash, based on the capabilities.
   *
   * @return a hash of this robot, computed from it's capabilities.
   */
  protected String computeHash() {
    long version = 0l;
    for (Entry<String, Capability> entry : capabilityMap.entrySet()) {
      long hash = entry.getKey().hashCode();
      Capability capability = entry.getValue();
      if (capability != null) {
        for (Context context : capability.contexts()) {
          hash = hash * 31 + context.name().hashCode();
        }
        hash = hash * 31 + capability.filter().hashCode();
      }
      version = version * 17 + hash;
    }
    return Long.toHexString(version);
  }

  /**
   * Deserializes the given HTTP request's JSON body into an event message
   * bundle.
   *
   * @param req the HTTP request to be deserialized.
   * @return an event message bundle.
   *
   * @throws IOException if there is a problem reading the request's body.
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the request is not signed properly.
   */
  private EventMessageBundle deserializeEvents(HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {
    String json = readRequestBody(req);
    LOG.info("Incoming events: " + json);

    EventMessageBundle bundle = SERIALIZER.fromJson(json, EventMessageBundle.class);

    if (bundle.getRpcServerUrl() == null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("RPC server URL is not set in the event bundle.");
    }

    if (!isUnsignedRequestsAllowed()) {
      if (!waveService.hasConsumerData(bundle.getRpcServerUrl())) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("No consumer key is found for the RPC server URL: " +
            bundle.getRpcServerUrl());
      }

      // Validates the request.
      try {
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = req.getParameterMap();
        waveService.validateOAuthRequest(req.getRequestURL().toString(), parameterMap,
            json, bundle.getRpcServerUrl());
      } catch (OAuthException e) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error validating OAuth request", e);
      }
    }
    return bundle;
  }
  /**
   * Serializes the given outgoing operations into a JSON string, and put it in
   * the given response object.
   *
   * @param operations the operations to be serialized.
   * @param resp the response object to flush the output string into.
   */
  private static void serializeOperations(List<OperationRequest> operations,
      HttpServletResponse resp) {
    try {
      String json = SERIALIZER.toJson(operations, GsonFactory.OPERATION_REQUEST_LIST_TYPE);
      LOG.info("Outgoing operations: " + json);

      resp.setContentType(JSON_MIME_TYPE);
      resp.setCharacterEncoding(UTF_8);
      resp.getWriter().write(json);
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK);
    } catch (IOException iox) {
      resp.setStatus(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Reads the given HTTP request's input stream into a string.
   *
   * @param req the HTTP request to be read.
   * @return a string representation of the given HTTP request's body.
   *
   * @throws IOException if there is a problem reading the body.
   */
  private static String readRequestBody(HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {
    StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder();
    BufferedReader reader = req.getReader();
    String line;
    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
      json.append(line);
    }
    return json.toString();
  }

  @Override
  public void onAnnotatedTextChanged(AnnotatedTextChangedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onBlipContributorsChanged(BlipContributorsChangedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onBlipSubmitted(BlipSubmittedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onDocumentChanged(DocumentChangedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onFormButtonClicked(FormButtonClickedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onGadgetStateChanged(GadgetStateChangedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onWaveletBlipCreated(WaveletBlipCreatedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }


  @Override
  public void onWaveletBlipRemoved(WaveletBlipRemovedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onWaveletCreated(WaveletCreatedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onWaveletFetched(WaveletFetchedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onWaveletParticipantsChanged(WaveletParticipantsChangedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onWaveletSelfAdded(WaveletSelfAddedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onWaveletSelfRemoved(WaveletSelfRemovedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onWaveletTagsChanged(WaveletTagsChangedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onWaveletTitleChanged(WaveletTitleChangedEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  @Override
  public void onOperationError(OperationErrorEvent event) {
    // No-op.
  }

  /**
   * @return the display name of the robot.
   */
  protected abstract String getRobotName();

  /**
   * @return the URL of the robot's profile page.
   */
  protected abstract String getRobotProfilePageUrl();
}
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