/*
* Autopsy Forensic Browser
*
* Copyright 2014 Basis Technology Corp.
* Contact: carrier <at> sleuthkit <dot> org
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.sleuthkit.autopsy.modules.photoreccarver;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.ProcessBuilder.Redirect;
import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream;
import java.nio.file.FileAlreadyExistsException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import org.openide.modules.InstalledFileLocator;
import org.openide.util.NbBundle;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.casemodule.Case;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.coreutils.ExecUtil;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.coreutils.Logger;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.datamodel.ContentUtils;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.ingest.FileIngestModule;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.ingest.IngestJobContext;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.ingest.IngestModule;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.ingest.IngestModuleReferenceCounter;
import org.sleuthkit.datamodel.AbstractFile;
import org.sleuthkit.datamodel.Content;
import org.sleuthkit.datamodel.Image;
import org.sleuthkit.datamodel.LayoutFile;
import org.sleuthkit.datamodel.TskCoreException;
import org.sleuthkit.datamodel.TskData;
import org.sleuthkit.datamodel.Volume;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.coreutils.FileUtil;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.coreutils.PlatformUtil;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.ingest.FileIngestModuleProcessTerminator;
import org.sleuthkit.autopsy.ingest.IngestServices;
/**
* A file ingest module that runs the Unallocated Carver executable with unallocated space files as input.
*/
final class PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule implements FileIngestModule {
private static final String PHOTOREC_DIRECTORY = "photorec_exec"; //NON-NLS
private static final String PHOTOREC_EXECUTABLE = "photorec_win.exe"; //NON-NLS
private static final String PHOTOREC_RESULTS_BASE = "results"; //NON-NLS
private static final String PHOTOREC_RESULTS_EXTENDED = "results.1"; //NON-NLS
private static final String PHOTOREC_REPORT = "report.xml"; //NON-NLS
private static final String LOG_FILE = "run_log.txt"; //NON-NLS
private static final String TEMP_DIR_NAME = "temp"; // NON-NLS
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.class.getName());
private static final IngestModuleReferenceCounter refCounter = new IngestModuleReferenceCounter();
private static final Map<Long, WorkingPaths> pathsByJob = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
private IngestJobContext context;
private Path rootOutputDirPath;
private File executableFile;
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
@Override
public void startUp(IngestJobContext context) throws IngestModule.IngestModuleException {
this.context = context;
// If the global unallocated space processing setting and the module
// process unallocated space only setting are not in sych, throw an
// exception. Although the result would not be incorrect, it would be
// unfortunate for the user to get an accidental no-op for this module.
if (!this.context.processingUnallocatedSpace()) {
throw new IngestModule.IngestModuleException(NbBundle.getMessage(this.getClass(), "unallocatedSpaceProcessingSettingsError.message"));
}
this.context = context;
this.rootOutputDirPath = PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.createModuleOutputDirectoryForCase();
Path execName = Paths.get(PHOTOREC_DIRECTORY, PHOTOREC_EXECUTABLE);
executableFile = locateExecutable(execName.toString());
if (PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.refCounter.incrementAndGet(this.context.getJobId()) == 1) {
try {
// The first instance creates an output subdirectory with a date and time stamp
DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("MM-dd-yyyy-HH-mm-ss-SSSS"); // NON-NLS
Date date = new Date();
String folder = this.context.getDataSource().getId() + "_" + dateFormat.format(date);
Path outputDirPath = Paths.get(this.rootOutputDirPath.toAbsolutePath().toString(), folder);
Files.createDirectories(outputDirPath);
// A temp subdirectory is also created as a location for writing unallocated space files to disk.
Path tempDirPath = Paths.get(outputDirPath.toString(), PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.TEMP_DIR_NAME);
Files.createDirectory(tempDirPath);
// Save the directories for the current job.
PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.pathsByJob.put(this.context.getJobId(), new WorkingPaths(outputDirPath, tempDirPath));
}
catch (SecurityException | IOException | UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
throw new IngestModule.IngestModuleException(NbBundle.getMessage(this.getClass(), "Utilities.cannotCreateOutputDir.message", ex.getLocalizedMessage()));
}
}
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
@Override
public IngestModule.ProcessResult process(AbstractFile file) {
// Skip everything except unallocated space files.
if (file.getType() != TskData.TSK_DB_FILES_TYPE_ENUM.UNALLOC_BLOCKS) {
return IngestModule.ProcessResult.OK;
}
Path tempFilePath = null;
try {
long id = getRootId(file);
// make sure we have a valid systemID
if (id == -1) {
return ProcessResult.ERROR;
}
// Verify initialization succeeded.
if (null == this.executableFile) {
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "PhotoRec carver called after failed start up"); // NON-NLS
return IngestModule.ProcessResult.ERROR;
}
// Check that we have roughly enough disk space left to complete the operation
long freeDiskSpace = IngestServices.getInstance().getFreeDiskSpace();
if ((file.getSize() * 2) > freeDiskSpace) {
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "PhotoRec error processing {0} with {1} Not enough space on primary disk to carve unallocated space.",
new Object[]{file.getName(), PhotoRecCarverIngestModuleFactory.getModuleName()}); // NON-NLS
return IngestModule.ProcessResult.ERROR;
}
// Write the file to disk.
WorkingPaths paths = PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.pathsByJob.get(this.context.getJobId());
tempFilePath = Paths.get(paths.getTempDirPath().toString(), file.getName());
ContentUtils.writeToFile(file, tempFilePath.toFile());
// Create a subdirectory for this file.
Path outputDirPath = Paths.get(paths.getOutputDirPath().toString(), file.getName());
Files.createDirectory(outputDirPath);
File log = new File(Paths.get(outputDirPath.toString(), LOG_FILE).toString()); //NON-NLS
// Scan the file with Unallocated Carver.
ProcessBuilder processAndSettings = new ProcessBuilder(
"\"" + executableFile + "\"",
"/d",
"\"" + outputDirPath.toAbsolutePath() + File.separator + PHOTOREC_RESULTS_BASE + "\"",
"/cmd",
"\"" + tempFilePath.toFile() + "\"",
"search"); // NON_NLS
// Add environment variable to force PhotoRec to run with the same permissions Autopsy uses
processAndSettings.environment().put("__COMPAT_LAYER", "RunAsInvoker"); //NON-NLS
processAndSettings.redirectErrorStream(true);
processAndSettings.redirectOutput(Redirect.appendTo(log));
int exitValue = ExecUtil.execute(processAndSettings, new FileIngestModuleProcessTerminator(this.context));
if (this.context.fileIngestIsCancelled() == true) {
// if it was cancelled by the user, result is OK
// cleanup the output path
FileUtil.deleteDir(new File(outputDirPath.toString()));
if (null != tempFilePath && Files.exists(tempFilePath)) {
tempFilePath.toFile().delete();
}
logger.log(Level.INFO, "PhotoRec cancelled by user"); // NON-NLS
return IngestModule.ProcessResult.OK;
}
else if (0 != exitValue) {
// if it failed or was cancelled by timeout, result is ERROR
// cleanup the output path
FileUtil.deleteDir(new File(outputDirPath.toString()));
if (null != tempFilePath && Files.exists(tempFilePath)) {
tempFilePath.toFile().delete();
}
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "PhotoRec carver returned error exit value = {0} when scanning {1}",
new Object[]{exitValue, file.getName()}); // NON-NLS
return IngestModule.ProcessResult.ERROR;
}
// Move carver log file to avoid placement into Autopsy results. PhotoRec appends ".1" to the folder name.
java.io.File oldAuditFile = new java.io.File(Paths.get(outputDirPath.toString(), PHOTOREC_RESULTS_EXTENDED, PHOTOREC_REPORT).toString()); //NON-NLS
java.io.File newAuditFile = new java.io.File(Paths.get(outputDirPath.toString(), PHOTOREC_REPORT).toString()); //NON-NLS
oldAuditFile.renameTo(newAuditFile);
Path pathToRemove = Paths.get(outputDirPath.toAbsolutePath().toString());
DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(pathToRemove);
for (Path entry : stream) {
if (Files.isDirectory(entry)) {
FileUtil.deleteDir(new File(entry.toString()));
}
}
// Now that we've cleaned up the folders and data files, parse the xml output file to add carved items into the database
PhotoRecCarverOutputParser parser = new PhotoRecCarverOutputParser(outputDirPath);
List<LayoutFile> theList = parser.parse(newAuditFile, id, file);
if (theList != null) { // if there were any results from carving, add the unallocated carving event to the reports list.
context.addFilesToJob(new ArrayList<>(theList));
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "Error processing " + file.getName() + " with PhotoRec carver", ex); // NON-NLS
return IngestModule.ProcessResult.ERROR;
}
finally {
if (null != tempFilePath && Files.exists(tempFilePath)) {
// Get rid of the unallocated space file.
tempFilePath.toFile().delete();
}
}
return IngestModule.ProcessResult.OK;
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
@Override
public void shutDown() {
if (refCounter.decrementAndGet(this.context.getJobId()) == 0) {
try {
// The last instance of this module for an ingest job cleans out
// the working paths map entry for the job and deletes the temp dir.
WorkingPaths paths = PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.pathsByJob.remove(this.context.getJobId());
FileUtil.deleteDir(new File(paths.getTempDirPath().toString()));
}
catch (SecurityException ex) {
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "Error shutting down PhotoRec carver module", ex); // NON-NLS
}
}
}
private static final class WorkingPaths {
private final Path outputDirPath;
private final Path tempDirPath;
WorkingPaths(Path outputDirPath, Path tempDirPath) {
this.outputDirPath = outputDirPath;
this.tempDirPath = tempDirPath;
}
Path getOutputDirPath() {
return this.outputDirPath;
}
Path getTempDirPath() {
return this.tempDirPath;
}
}
/**
* Creates the output directory for this module for the current case, if it does not already exist.
*
* @return The absolute path of the output directory.
* @throws org.sleuthkit.autopsy.ingest.IngestModule.IngestModuleException
*/
synchronized static Path createModuleOutputDirectoryForCase() throws IngestModule.IngestModuleException {
Path path = Paths.get(Case.getCurrentCase().getModulesOutputDirAbsPath(), PhotoRecCarverIngestModuleFactory.getModuleName());
try {
Files.createDirectory(path);
}
catch (FileAlreadyExistsException ex) {
// No worries.
}
catch (IOException | SecurityException | UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
throw new IngestModule.IngestModuleException(NbBundle.getMessage(PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.class, "cannotCreateOutputDir.message", ex.getLocalizedMessage()));
}
return path;
}
/**
* Finds the root Volume or Image of the AbstractFile passed in.
*
* @param file The file we want to find the root parent for
* @return The ID of the root parent Volume or Image
*/
private static long getRootId(AbstractFile file) {
long id = -1;
Content parent = null;
try {
parent = file.getParent();
while (parent != null) {
if (parent instanceof Volume || parent instanceof Image) {
id = parent.getId();
break;
}
parent = parent.getParent();
}
}
catch (TskCoreException ex) {
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "PhotoRec carver exception while trying to get parent of AbstractFile.", ex); //NON-NLS
}
return id;
}
/**
* Finds and returns the path to the executable, if able.
*
* @param executableToFindName The name of the executable to find
* @return A File reference or throws an exception
* @throws IngestModuleException
*/
public static File locateExecutable(String executableToFindName) throws IngestModule.IngestModuleException {
// Must be running under a Windows operating system.
if (!PlatformUtil.isWindowsOS()) {
throw new IngestModule.IngestModuleException(NbBundle.getMessage(PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.class, "unsupportedOS.message"));
}
File exeFile = InstalledFileLocator.getDefault().locate(executableToFindName, PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.class.getPackage().getName(), false);
if (null == exeFile) {
throw new IngestModule.IngestModuleException(NbBundle.getMessage(PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.class, "missingExecutable.message"));
}
if (!exeFile.canExecute()) {
throw new IngestModule.IngestModuleException(NbBundle.getMessage(PhotoRecCarverFileIngestModule.class, "cannotRunExecutable.message"));
}
return exeFile;
}
}