/*
* $Id: FilterDispatcher.java 651946 2008-04-27 13:41:38Z apetrelli $
*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
package org.apache.struts2.dispatcher;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.RequestUtils;
import org.apache.struts2.StrutsConstants;
import org.apache.struts2.StrutsStatics;
import org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper;
import org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts2.util.ClassLoaderUtils;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.Configuration;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationException;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationProvider;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStackFactory;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.Logger;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.LoggerFactory;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.profiling.UtilTimerStack;
/**
* Master filter for Struts that handles four distinct
* responsibilities:
*
* <ul>
*
* <li>Executing actions</li>
*
* <li>Cleaning up the {@link ActionContext} (see note)</li>
*
* <li>Serving static content</li>
*
* <li>Kicking off XWork's interceptor chain for the request lifecycle</li>
*
* </ul>
*
* <p/> <b>IMPORTANT</b>: this filter must be mapped to all requests. Unless you know exactly what you are doing, always
* map to this URL pattern: /*
*
* <p/> <b>Executing actions</b>
*
* <p/> This filter executes actions by consulting the {@link ActionMapper} and determining if the requested URL should
* invoke an action. If the mapper indicates it should, <b>the rest of the filter chain is stopped</b> and the action is
* invoked. This is important, as it means that filters like the SiteMesh filter must be placed <b>before</b> this
* filter or they will not be able to decorate the output of actions.
*
* <p/> <b>Cleaning up the {@link ActionContext}</b>
*
* <p/> This filter will also automatically clean up the {@link ActionContext} for you, ensuring that no memory leaks
* take place. However, this can sometimes cause problems integrating with other products like SiteMesh. See {@link
* ActionContextCleanUp} for more information on how to deal with this.
*
* <p/> <b>Serving static content</b>
*
* <p/> This filter also serves common static content needed when using various parts of Struts, such as JavaScript
* files, CSS files, etc. It works by looking for requests to /struts/*, and then mapping the value after "/struts/"
* to common packages in Struts and, optionally, in your class path. By default, the following packages are
* automatically searched:
*
* <ul>
*
* <li>org.apache.struts2.static</li>
*
* <li>template</li>
*
* </ul>
*
* <p/> This means that you can simply request /struts/xhtml/styles.css and the XHTML UI theme's default stylesheet
* will be returned. Likewise, many of the AJAX UI components require various JavaScript files, which are found in the
* org.apache.struts2.static package. If you wish to add additional packages to be searched, you can add a comma
* separated (space, tab and new line will do as well) list in the filter init parameter named "packages". <b>Be
* careful</b>, however, to expose any packages that may have sensitive information, such as properties file with
* database access credentials.
*
* <p/>
*
* <p>
*
* This filter supports the following init-params:
* <!-- START SNIPPET: params -->
*
* <ul>
*
* <li><b>config</b> - a comma-delimited list of XML configuration files to load.</li>
*
* <li><b>actionPackages</b> - a comma-delimited list of Java packages to scan for Actions.</li>
*
* <li><b>configProviders</b> - a comma-delimited list of Java classes that implement the
* {@link ConfigurationProvider} interface that should be used for building the {@link Configuration}.</li>
*
* <li><b>loggerFactory</b> - The class name of the {@link LoggerFactory} implementation.</li>
*
* <li><b>*</b> - any other parameters are treated as framework constants.</li>
*
* </ul>
*
* <!-- END SNIPPET: params -->
*
* </p>
*
* To use a custom {@link Dispatcher}, the <code>createDispatcher()</code> method could be overriden by
* the subclass.
*
* @see ActionMapper
* @see ActionContextCleanUp
*
* @version $Date: 2008-04-27 08:41:38 -0500 (Sun, 27 Apr 2008) $ $Id: FilterDispatcher.java 651946 2008-04-27 13:41:38Z apetrelli $
*/
public class FilterDispatcher implements StrutsStatics, Filter {
/**
* Provide a logging instance.
*/
private Logger log;
/**
* Store set of path prefixes to use with static resources.
*/
private String[] pathPrefixes;
/**
* Provide a formatted date for setting heading information when caching static content.
*/
private final Calendar lastModifiedCal = Calendar.getInstance();
/**
* Store state of StrutsConstants.STRUTS_SERVE_STATIC_CONTENT setting.
*/
private boolean serveStatic;
/**
* Store state of StrutsConstants.STRUTS_SERVE_STATIC_BROWSER_CACHE setting.
*/
private boolean serveStaticBrowserCache;
/**
* Store state of StrutsConstants.STRUTS_I18N_ENCODING setting.
*/
private String encoding;
/**
* Provide ActionMapper instance, set by injection.
*/
private ActionMapper actionMapper;
/**
* Provide FilterConfig instance, set on init.
*/
private FilterConfig filterConfig;
/**
* Expose Dispatcher instance to subclass.
*/
protected Dispatcher dispatcher;
/**
* Initializes the filter by creating a default dispatcher
* and setting the default packages for static resources.
*
* @param filterConfig The filter configuration
*/
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
try {
this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
initLogging();
dispatcher = createDispatcher(filterConfig);
dispatcher.init();
dispatcher.getContainer().inject(this);
String param = filterConfig.getInitParameter("packages");
String packages = "org.apache.struts2.static template org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging";
if (param != null) {
packages = param + " " + packages;
}
this.pathPrefixes = parse(packages);
} finally {
ActionContext.setContext(null);
}
}
private void initLogging() {
String factoryName = filterConfig.getInitParameter("loggerFactory");
if (factoryName != null) {
try {
Class cls = ClassLoaderUtils.loadClass(factoryName, this.getClass());
LoggerFactory fac = (LoggerFactory)cls.newInstance();
LoggerFactory.setLoggerFactory(fac);
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
System.err.println("Unable to instantiate logger factory: "+factoryName+", using default");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
System.err.println("Unable to access logger factory: "+factoryName+", using default");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
System.err.println("Unable to locate logger factory class: "+factoryName+", using default");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FilterDispatcher.class);
}
/**
* Calls dispatcher.cleanup,
* which in turn releases local threads and destroys any DispatchListeners.
*
* @see javax.servlet.Filter#destroy()
*/
public void destroy() {
if (dispatcher == null) {
log.warn("something is seriously wrong, Dispatcher is not initialized (null) ");
} else {
try {
dispatcher.cleanup();
} finally {
ActionContext.setContext(null);
}
}
}
/**
* Create a default {@link Dispatcher} that subclasses can override
* with a custom Dispatcher, if needed.
*
* @param filterConfig Our FilterConfig
* @return Initialized Dispatcher
*/
protected Dispatcher createDispatcher(FilterConfig filterConfig) {
Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();
for (Enumeration e = filterConfig.getInitParameterNames(); e.hasMoreElements(); ) {
String name = (String) e.nextElement();
String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter(name);
params.put(name, value);
}
return new Dispatcher(filterConfig.getServletContext(), params);
}
/**
* Modify state of StrutsConstants.STRUTS_SERVE_STATIC_CONTENT setting.
* @param val New setting
*/
@Inject(StrutsConstants.STRUTS_SERVE_STATIC_CONTENT)
public void setServeStaticContent(String val) {
serveStatic = "true".equals(val);
}
/**
* Modify state of StrutsConstants.STRUTS_SERVE_STATIC_BROWSER_CACHE setting.
* @param val New setting
*/
@Inject(StrutsConstants.STRUTS_SERVE_STATIC_BROWSER_CACHE)
public void setServeStaticBrowserCache(String val) {
serveStaticBrowserCache = "true".equals(val);
}
/**
* Modify state of StrutsConstants.STRUTS_I18N_ENCODING setting.
* @param val New setting
*/
@Inject(StrutsConstants.STRUTS_I18N_ENCODING)
public void setEncoding(String val) {
encoding = val;
}
/**
* Modify ActionMapper instance.
* @param mapper New instance
*/
@Inject
public void setActionMapper(ActionMapper mapper) {
actionMapper = mapper;
}
/**
* Provide a workaround for some versions of WebLogic.
* <p/>
* Servlet 2.3 specifies that the servlet context can be retrieved from the session. Unfortunately, some versions of
* WebLogic can only retrieve the servlet context from the filter config. Hence, this method enables subclasses to
* retrieve the servlet context from other sources.
*
* @return the servlet context.
*/
protected ServletContext getServletContext() {
return filterConfig.getServletContext();
}
/**
* Expose the FilterConfig instance.
*
* @return Our FilterConfit instance
*/
protected FilterConfig getFilterConfig() {
return filterConfig;
}
/**
* Wrap and return the given request, if needed, so as to to transparently
* handle multipart data as a wrapped class around the given request.
*
* @param request Our ServletRequest object
* @param response Our ServerResponse object
* @return Wrapped HttpServletRequest object
* @throws ServletException on any error
*/
protected HttpServletRequest prepareDispatcherAndWrapRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException {
Dispatcher du = Dispatcher.getInstance();
// Prepare and wrap the request if the cleanup filter hasn't already, cleanup filter should be
// configured first before struts2 dispatcher filter, hence when its cleanup filter's turn,
// static instance of Dispatcher should be null.
if (du == null) {
Dispatcher.setInstance(dispatcher);
// prepare the request no matter what - this ensures that the proper character encoding
// is used before invoking the mapper (see WW-9127)
dispatcher.prepare(request, response);
} else {
dispatcher = du;
}
try {
// Wrap request first, just in case it is multipart/form-data
// parameters might not be accessible through before encoding (ww-1278)
request = dispatcher.wrapRequest(request, getServletContext());
} catch (IOException e) {
String message = "Could not wrap servlet request with MultipartRequestWrapper!";
log.error(message, e);
throw new ServletException(message, e);
}
return request;
}
/**
* Create a string array from a comma-delimited list of packages.
*
* @param packages A comma-delimited String listing packages
* @return A string array of packages
*/
protected String[] parse(String packages) {
if (packages == null) {
return null;
}
List<String> pathPrefixes = new ArrayList<String>();
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(packages, ", \n\t");
while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
String pathPrefix = st.nextToken().replace('.', '/');
if (!pathPrefix.endsWith("/")) {
pathPrefix += "/";
}
pathPrefixes.add(pathPrefix);
}
return pathPrefixes.toArray(new String[pathPrefixes.size()]);
}
/**
* Process an action or handle a request a static resource.
* <p/>
* The filter tries to match the request to an action mapping.
* If mapping is found, the action processes is delegated to the dispatcher's serviceAction method.
* If action processing fails, doFilter will try to create an error page via the dispatcher.
* <p/>
* Otherwise, if the request is for a static resource,
* the resource is copied directly to the response, with the appropriate caching headers set.
* <p/>
* If the request does not match an action mapping, or a static resource page,
* then it passes through.
*
* @see javax.servlet.Filter#doFilter(javax.servlet.ServletRequest, javax.servlet.ServletResponse, javax.servlet.FilterChain)
*/
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
String timerKey = "FilterDispatcher_doFilter: ";
try {
// FIXME: this should be refactored better to not duplicate work with the action invocation
ValueStack stack = dispatcher.getContainer().getInstance(ValueStackFactory.class).createValueStack();
ActionContext ctx = new ActionContext(stack.getContext());
ActionContext.setContext(ctx);
UtilTimerStack.push(timerKey);
request = prepareDispatcherAndWrapRequest(request, response);
ActionMapping mapping;
try {
mapping = actionMapper.getMapping(request, dispatcher.getConfigurationManager());
} catch (Exception ex) {
log.error("error getting ActionMapping", ex);
dispatcher.sendError(request, response, servletContext, HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, ex);
return;
}
if (mapping == null) {
// there is no action in this request, should we look for a static resource?
String resourcePath = RequestUtils.getServletPath(request);
if ("".equals(resourcePath) && null != request.getPathInfo()) {
resourcePath = request.getPathInfo();
}
if (serveStatic && resourcePath.startsWith("/struts")) {
String name = resourcePath.substring("/struts".length());
findStaticResource(name, request, response);
} else {
// this is a normal request, let it pass through
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
// The framework did its job here
return;
}
dispatcher.serviceAction(request, response, servletContext, mapping);
} finally {
try {
ActionContextCleanUp.cleanUp(req);
} finally {
UtilTimerStack.pop(timerKey);
}
}
}
/**
* Locate a static resource and copy directly to the response,
* setting the appropriate caching headers.
*
* @param name The resource name
* @param request The request
* @param response The response
* @throws IOException If anything goes wrong
*/
protected void findStaticResource(String name, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
if (!name.endsWith(".class")) {
for (String pathPrefix : pathPrefixes) {
InputStream is = findInputStream(name, pathPrefix);
if (is != null) {
Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
// check for if-modified-since, prior to any other headers
long ifModifiedSince = 0;
try {
ifModifiedSince = request.getDateHeader("If-Modified-Since");
} catch (Exception e) {
log.warn("Invalid If-Modified-Since header value: '" + request.getHeader("If-Modified-Since") + "', ignoring");
}
long lastModifiedMillis = lastModifiedCal.getTimeInMillis();
long now = cal.getTimeInMillis();
cal.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
long expires = cal.getTimeInMillis();
if (ifModifiedSince > 0 && ifModifiedSince <= lastModifiedMillis) {
// not modified, content is not sent - only basic headers and status SC_NOT_MODIFIED
response.setDateHeader("Expires", expires);
response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_MODIFIED);
is.close();
return;
}
// set the content-type header
String contentType = getContentType(name);
if (contentType != null) {
response.setContentType(contentType);
}
if (serveStaticBrowserCache) {
// set heading information for caching static content
response.setDateHeader("Date", now);
response.setDateHeader("Expires", expires);
response.setDateHeader("Retry-After", expires);
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "public");
response.setDateHeader("Last-Modified", lastModifiedMillis);
} else {
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Expires", "-1");
}
try {
copy(is, response.getOutputStream());
} finally {
is.close();
}
return;
}
}
}
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
}
/**
* Determine the content type for the resource name.
*
* @param name The resource name
* @return The mime type
*/
protected String getContentType(String name) {
// NOT using the code provided activation.jar to avoid adding yet another dependency
// this is generally OK, since these are the main files we server up
if (name.endsWith(".js")) {
return "text/javascript";
} else if (name.endsWith(".css")) {
return "text/css";
} else if (name.endsWith(".html")) {
return "text/html";
} else if (name.endsWith(".txt")) {
return "text/plain";
} else if (name.endsWith(".gif")) {
return "image/gif";
} else if (name.endsWith(".jpg") || name.endsWith(".jpeg")) {
return "image/jpeg";
} else if (name.endsWith(".png")) {
return "image/png";
} else {
return null;
}
}
/**
* Copy bytes from the input stream to the output stream.
*
* @param input The input stream
* @param output The output stream
* @throws IOException If anything goes wrong
*/
protected void copy(InputStream input, OutputStream output) throws IOException {
final byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
int n;
while (-1 != (n = input.read(buffer))) {
output.write(buffer, 0, n);
}
output.flush();
}
/**
* Look for a static resource in the classpath.
*
* @param name The resource name
* @param packagePrefix The package prefix to use to locate the resource
* @return The inputstream of the resource
* @throws IOException If there is a problem locating the resource
*/
protected InputStream findInputStream(String name, String packagePrefix) throws IOException {
String resourcePath;
if (packagePrefix.endsWith("/") && name.startsWith("/")) {
resourcePath = packagePrefix + name.substring(1);
} else {
resourcePath = packagePrefix + name;
}
resourcePath = URLDecoder.decode(resourcePath, encoding);
return ClassLoaderUtil.getResourceAsStream(resourcePath, getClass());
}
}